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The juxtaphrenic peak is most commonly caused due to the traction from the inferior accessory fissure. [2] [4] The prevalence of the juxtaphrenic peak sign increases gradually during the weeks after lobectomy of the lung. [5]
The inferior cerebellar peduncle is the smallest of the three cerebellar peduncles. The upper part of the posterior district of the medulla oblongata is occupied by the inferior cerebellar peduncle, a thick rope-like strand situated between the lower part of the fourth ventricle and the roots of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves .
The jugular tubercle (of occipital bone [1]) is a rounded prominence [2]: 568 /oval elevation [1] upon the superior (i.e. internal [1]) surface of the occipital condyle [2]: 817 at the junction of the basilar part and lateral part of the occipital bone, just medial to the jugular foramen [2]: 568 [1] on either side of the foramen magnum.
On sagittal plane, it can be divided into two surfaces including the pharyngeal (inferior) surface and basilar (superior) surface. A small elevation known as the pharyngeal tubercle is present on the inferior surface for the fibrous raphe of pharynx to attach. [4] The pons sits on the basilar surface of the clivus. [3]
The azygos system of veins is considered to be the azygos vein, along with its left-sided counterparts, the hemiazygos vein and the accessory hemiazygos vein. It also creates a cavo-caval anastomosis by offering an alternative, collateral blood flow from the lower half of the body to the superior vena cava, bypassing the inferior vena cava.
The anterior compartment transmits the inferior petrosal sinus. The intermediate compartment transmits the glossopharyngeal nerve, the vagus nerve, [1] and the accessory nerve. The posterior compartment transmits the sigmoid sinus (becoming the internal jugular vein), [1] and some meningeal branches from the occipital artery and ascending ...
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The clinically important structures surrounding the orbit include the optic nerve at the apex of the orbit as well as the superior orbital fissure which contains cranial nerves 3, 4, and 6 therefore controlling ocular muscles of eye movement. [15] Inferior to the orbit is the infraorbital nerve which is purely sensory.