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In philosophy, deconstruction is a loosely-defined set of approaches to understanding the relationship between text and meaning.The concept of deconstruction was introduced by the philosopher Jacques Derrida, who described it as a turn away from Platonism's ideas of "true" forms and essences which are valued above appearances.
Postmodern philosophy is a philosophical movement that arose in the second half of the 20th century as a critical response to assumptions allegedly present in modernist philosophical ideas regarding culture, identity, history, or language that were developed during the 18th-century Age of Enlightenment.
"Postmodernism" is "a highly contested term", [3] referring to "a particularly unstable concept", [4] that "names many different kinds of cultural objects and phenomena in many different ways". [5] It may be described simply as a general mood or Zeitgeist .
Jacques Derrida (/ ˈ d ɛr ɪ d ə /; French: [ʒak dɛʁida]; born Jackie Élie Derrida; [4] 15 July 1930 – 9 October 2004) was a French Algerian philosopher. He developed the philosophy of deconstruction, which he utilized in a number of his texts, and which was developed through close readings of the linguistics of Ferdinand de Saussure and Husserlian and Heideggerian phenomenology.
George C. Williams in his book Adaptation and Natural Selection (1966) argues that the best way to explain altruism among animals is based on low-level (i.e., individual) selection as opposed to high-level group selection. Altruism is defined by some evolutionary biologists (e.g., R. Alexander, 1987; W. D. Hamilton, 1964) as behavior that is ...
Creative destruction (German: schöpferische Zerstörung) is a concept in economics that describes a process in which new innovations replace and make obsolete older innovations. [ 1 ] The concept is usually identified with the Austrian economist Joseph Schumpeter , [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] who derived it from the work of Karl Marx and popularized it ...
[11] [4] [12] CRT scholars argue that the social and legal construction of race advances the interests of white people [10] [13] at the expense of people of color, [14] [15] and that the liberal notion of U.S. law as "neutral" plays a significant role in maintaining a racially unjust social order, [16] where formally color-blind laws continue ...
Although those terms are most often used in the context of language, this concept has also been used in relation to other cultural concepts, for example in the discussion of reappropriation of stereotypes, [9] reappropriation of popular culture (e.g., the reappropriation of science fiction literature into elite, high literature [10]), or ...