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  2. History of Germans in Russia, Ukraine, and the Soviet Union

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Germans_in...

    The German minority population in Russia, Ukraine, and the Soviet Union stemmed from several sources and arrived in several waves. Since the second half of the 19th century, as a consequence of the Russification policies and compulsory military service in the Russian Empire, large groups of Germans from Russia emigrated to the Americas (mainly Canada, the United States, Brazil and Argentina ...

  3. Germany–Soviet Union relations, 1918–1941 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germany–Soviet_Union...

    The Treaty of Rapallo between Weimar Germany and Soviet Russia was signed by German Foreign Minister Walther Rathenau and his Soviet colleague Georgy Chicherin on April 16, 1922, during the Genoa Economic Conference, annulling all mutual claims, restoring full diplomatic relations, and establishing the beginnings of close trade relationships, which made Weimar Germany the main trading and ...

  4. German revolution of 1918–1919 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Revolution_of_1918...

    After the 1917 October Revolution that put Lenin and the Bolsheviks in power, many in both Russia and Germany expected that soviet Russia would in return help foment a communist revolution in Germany. For Germany's far Left, it provided hope for its own success, and for the moderate socialists, along with the middle and upper classes, it was a ...

  5. History of communism in the Soviet Union - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Communism_in...

    In Russia efforts to build communism began after Tsar Nicholas II lost his power during the February Revolution, which started in 1917, and ended with the dissolution of the USSR in 1991. The Provisional Government was established under the liberal and social-democratic government; however, the Bolsheviks refused to accept the government and ...

  6. Council communism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_communism

    In 1919, Pannekoek wrote that "in Russia communism has been put into practice for two years now". [2] When the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) was formed in December 1918, a majority in the party was opposed to electoral politics and trade unionism. These positions placed it to the left of Bolshevik orthodoxy.

  7. Vladimir Lenin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin

    By contrast, other Bolsheviks, in particular Nikolai Bukharin and the Left Communists, believed that peace with the Central Powers would be a betrayal of international socialism and that Russia should instead wage "a war of revolutionary defence" that would provoke an uprising of the German proletariat against their own government.

  8. Communist Party of the Soviet Union - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the...

    A neighborhood in the Kozhukhovsky Bay of the Moskva River with a large sign promoting the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Moscow, 1975. The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), [g] at some points known as the Russian Communist Party, All-Union Communist Party and Bolshevik Party, and sometimes referred to as the Soviet Communist Party (SCP), was the founding and ruling political ...

  9. The Struggle Against Fascism in Germany - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Struggle_Against...

    On the other hand, Trotsky maintained in 1931 that the rise of the fascism in Germany would be disastrous for the German Communist movement and "signify an inevitable war against the U.S.S.R." [1] Trotsky viewed Stalin along with the Soviet bureaucracy, above all, to have a particularly ruinous and accentuating influence in countering fascism. [2]