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In biology, the canopy is the aboveground portion of a plant cropping or crop, formed by the collection of individual plant crowns. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] In forest ecology , the canopy is the upper layer or habitat zone, formed by mature tree crowns and including other biological organisms ( epiphytes , lianas , arboreal animals , etc..). [ 4 ]
Canopy research is a relatively new scientific field which was hampered for a long time by lack of means of access to the tree canopies and lack of appropriate means of housing researchers. Climbing gear, tree houses , canopy walkways , cranes , airships and inflatable platforms resting on the treetops have lately overcome these barriers.
Canopy interception is the rainfall that is intercepted by the canopy of a tree and successively evaporates from the leaves. Precipitation that is not intercepted will fall as throughfall or stemflow on the forest floor. Many methods exist to measure canopy interception.
The canopy can be divided into five layers: overstory canopy with emergent crowns, a medium layer of canopy, lower canopy, shrub level, and finally understory. [1] [3] [4] The canopy is home to many of the forest's animals, including apes and monkeys. Below the canopy, a lower understory hosts snakes and big cats.
Definition of canopy and forest floor interception. Intercepted snowfall does not result in any notable amount of evaporation, and most of the snow falls off the tree by wind or melts. However, intercepted snow can more easily drift with the wind, out of the watershed. Conifers have a greater interception capacity than hardwoods.
A felled tree allows direct sunlight to reach the forest floor. The creation of a treefall gap causes a break in the canopy to form, allowing light to penetrate through to the understory. This light can now reach shrubs and treelet species, which under normal circumstances never grow tall enough to reach the canopy. [7]
Baldachin or canopy of state, typically placed over an altar or throne; Chuppah, a canopy used in Jewish wedding ceremonies; Umbraculum, a canopy awarded by the pope to basilicas; Vapor canopy, a creationist idea that earth was surrounded by a "canopy" of water
Canopy of D. aromatica at the Forest Research Institute Malaysia displaying crown shyness Trees at Plaza San Martín (Buenos Aires), Argentina. Crown shyness (also canopy disengagement, [1] canopy shyness, [2] or inter-crown spacing [3]) is a phenomenon observed in some tree species, in which the crowns of fully stocked trees do not touch each other, forming a canopy with channel-like gaps.