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Soybean oil contains only trace amounts of fatty carboxylic acids (about 0.3% by mass in the crude oil, 0.03% in the refined oil). [7] Instead it contains esters. In the following content, the expressions "fatty acids" and "acid" below refer to esters rather than carboxylic acids.
This template tabulates data of composition of various vegetable oils, their processing treatments (whether unrefined, hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated) and their smoke point The above documentation is transcluded from Template:Vegetable oils comparison/doc .
Algal oil [1] 4: 92: 4 Canola [2] 8: 64: 28 Coconut oil: 87: 13: 0 Corn oil: 13: 24: 59 Cottonseed oil [2] 27: 19: 54 Olive oil [3] 14: 73: 11 Palm kernel oil [2] 86: 12: 2 Palm oil [2] 51: 39: 10 Peanut oil [4] 17: 46: 32 Rice bran oil: 25: 38: 37 Safflower oil, high oleic [5] 6: 75: 14 Safflower oil, linoleic [2] [6] 6: 14: 75 Soybean oil: 15 ...
Soybean oil: 15% 24% 61% 6.7% 50% 240 °C (464 °F) [4] Cooking, salad dressings, vegetable oil, margarine, shortening Sunflower oil (high oleic, refined) [11] 9%
By the 1950s and 1960s, soybean oil had become the most popular vegetable oil in the US; today it is second only to palm oil. In 2018–2019, world production was at 57.4 MT with the leading producers including China (16.6 MT), US (10.9 MT), Argentina (8.4 MT), Brazil (8.2 MT), and EU (3.2 MT).
Rapeseed oil : Refined: 204 °C: 400 °F Rapeseed oil : Unrefined: 107 °C: 225 °F Rice bran oil: Refined: 232 °C [19] 450 °F Safflower oil: Unrefined: 107 °C: 225 °F [3] Safflower oil: Semirefined: 160 °C: 320 °F [3] Safflower oil: Refined: 266 °C: 510 °F [3] Sesame oil: Unrefined: 177 °C: 350 °F [3] Sesame oil: Semirefined: 232 °C ...
Papaya seed oil, high in omega-3 and omega-6, similar in composition to olive oil. [106] Not to be confused with papaya oil produced by maceration. [107] Perilla seed oil, high in omega-3 fatty acids. Used as an edible oil, for medicinal purposes in Asian herbal medicine, in skin care products and as a drying oil. [108] [109]
Fatty acids exhibit reactions like other carboxylic acids, i.e. they undergo esterification and acid-base reactions. Fatty acids do not show a great variation in their acidities, as indicated by their respective pK a. Nonanoic acid, for example, has a pK a of 4.96, being only slightly weaker than acetic acid (4.76).