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The study of the behavior of air-water vapor mixtures. Water vapor plays an important role in energy transfer and human comfort in HVAC design. rooftop unit (RTU) A packaged unit that controls both heating and air conditioning. An air handler typically refers to a unit that provides a fan to support either heating or cooling. radiant ceiling panels
Absolute humidity is defined as water mass per volume of air. A given mass of air will grow or shrink as the temperature or pressure varies. So the absolute humidity of a mass of air will vary due to changes in temperature or pressure, even when the proportion of water in that mass of air (its specific humidity) remains constant.
The cooling load [3] is calculated to select HVAC equipment that has the appropriate cooling capacity to remove heat from the zone. A zone is typically defined as an area with similar heat gains, similar temperature and humidity control requirements, or an enclosed space within a building with the purpose to monitor and control the zone's temperature and humidity with a single sensor e.g ...
The dew point is affected by the air's humidity. The more moisture the air contains, the higher its dew point. [3] When the temperature is below the freezing point of water, the dew point is called the frost point, as frost is formed via deposition rather than condensation. [4] In liquids, the analog to the dew point is the cloud point.
The dimensionless humidity ratio is typically expressed as grams of water per kilogram of dry air, or grains of water per pound of air (7000 grains equal 1 pound). Specific enthalpy, symbolized by h, is the sum of the internal (heat) energy of the moist air in question, including the heat of the air and water vapor within. Also called heat ...
A representative pressure–volume diagram for a refrigeration cycle. Vapour-compression refrigeration or vapor-compression refrigeration system (VCRS), [1] in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for air conditioning of buildings and automobiles.
HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) equipment needs a control system to regulate the operation of a heating and/or air conditioning system. [1] Usually a sensing device is used to compare the actual state (e.g. temperature) with a target state. Then the control system draws a conclusion what action has to be taken (e.g. start the ...
The moisture content of grains is an essential property in food storage. The moisture content that is safe for long-term storage is 12% for corn, sorghum, rice and wheat and 11% for soybean [1] At a constant relative humidity of air, the EMC will drop by about 0.5% for every increase of 10 °C air temperature. [2]