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The history of smallpox extends into pre-history. [1] Genetic evidence suggests that the smallpox virus emerged 3,000 to 4,000 years ago. [ 2 ] Prior to that, similar ancestral viruses circulated, but possibly only in other mammals, and possibly with different symptoms.
The Americas and Australia remained free of measles and smallpox until the arrival of European colonists between the 15th and 18th centuries. [1] Along with measles and influenza, smallpox was taken to the Americas by the Spanish. [1] Smallpox was endemic in Spain, having been introduced by the Moors from Africa. [62]
735–737 Japanese smallpox epidemic: Smallpox 2 million 33% of Japanese population [15] 735–737 Japan 16 Naples Plague: Bubonic plague 1.25 million – 1656–1658 Southern Italy 17 1889–1890 pandemic: Influenza or human coronavirus OC43 [16] [17] 1 million – 1889–1890 Worldwide 18 1629–1631 Italian plague: Bubonic plague 1 million ...
It only took 181 years to eradicate smallpox once we had a way to inoculate against it and we’re still not really sure what was in it.
Most estimates coalesce around a fatality rate of about 10% (7.5 million people) of the total population of the empire with death rates of up to 15% in the cities and the army. If the pandemic was indeed smallpox, the number who died would have probably been about 25% of those infected as the survival rate from smallpox is often around 75%. [30 ...
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. [7] [11] The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977, and the World Health Organization (WHO) certified the global eradication of the disease in 1980, [10] making smallpox the only human disease to have been eradicated to date.
Onesimus (late 1600s–1700s [1]) was an African (likely Akan) man who was instrumental in the mitigation of smallpox in Boston, Massachusetts.. He introduced his enslaver, Puritan clergyman Cotton Mather, to the principle and procedure of the variolation method of inoculation, which prevented smallpox and laid the foundation for the development of vaccines.
The FDA approved a drug that could be used to treat smallpox, a disease that was officially eradicated in 1980 -- but that doesn't mean it's gone for good.