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  2. Translational research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translational_research

    Translational research (also called translation research, translational science, or, when the context is clear, simply translation) [1] [2] is research aimed at translating (converting) results in basic research into results that directly benefit humans. The term is used in science and technology, especially in biology and medical science.

  3. Translation (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_(biology)

    For example, research utilizing this method has revealed that genetic differences and their subsequent expression as mRNAs can also impact translation rate in an RNA-specific manner. [ 21 ] Expanding on this concept, a more recent development is single-cell ribosome profiling, a technique that allows us to study the translation process at the ...

  4. Skopos theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skopos_theory

    The theory first appeared in an article published by linguist Hans Josef Vermeer in the German Journal Lebende Sprachen, 1978. [2]As a realisation of James Holmes’ map of Translation Studies (1972), [3] [4] skopos theory is the core of the four approaches of German functionalist translation theory [5] that emerged around the late twentieth century.

  5. Interlingual machine translation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interlingual_machine...

    In this method of translation, the interlingua can be thought of as a way of describing the analysis of a text written in a source language such that it is possible to convert its morphological, syntactic, semantic (and even pragmatic) characteristics, that is "meaning" into a target language. This interlingua is able to describe all of the ...

  6. Biolinguistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biolinguistics

    Hence, the semantic interpretation must come from pragmatics. However, Nórega and Miyagawa [37] noticed that this claim of dependency on pragmatics is not a property of compound words that is demonstrated in all languages. The example provided by Nórega and Miyagawa is the comparison between English (a Germanic language) and Brazilian ...

  7. Transcreation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcreation

    The same notions apply to translation field. Transcreation is a holistic approach. It works on creating a content (change) from the source and the target to the target (motion) through the application of partial or total change processes, also called the kinds of change (transcreation processes). Transcreation is a translation technique.

  8. Eukaryotic translation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_translation

    Translation is one of the key energy consumers in cells, hence it is strictly regulated. Numerous mechanisms have evolved that control and regulate translation in eukaryotes as well as prokaryotes. Regulation of translation can impact the global rate of protein synthesis which is closely coupled to the metabolic and proliferative state of a cell.

  9. Translation criticism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_criticism

    The concept itself of "translation criticism" has the following meanings: Quality assessment of the target text, especially of its semantic and pragmatic equivalence regarding the source text. Assessment of the proceeding followed by the translator in order to translate the text. Part of translation science dealing basically with: