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A common version of the Phra Ruang legend is that he was a Thai chieftain of Lavo with supernatural powers of speech. The Thais had to deliver water to the Khom (Khmer) capital as tax, and Phra Ruang used his powers to make bamboo baskets waterproof so that they could be used to carry the water instead of heavy clay jars. When the Khom king ...
Li Thai wrote the Traiphum Phra Ruang ("three worlds by Phra Ruang", Phra Ruang being the dynastic name of Li Thai's lineage), a religious and philosophical text describing the various worlds of Buddhist cosmology, and the way in which karma consigns living beings to one world or another. The Ten Virtues of a sovereign were set down as guiding ...
The Phra Ruang dynasty was the only royal lineage that ruled over the Sukhothai Kingdom, the first Central Thai state.Established by Si Inthrathit in 1238, who declared independence from the Khmer Empire, the dynasty laid the foundations for Thai society. [7]
Bang Klang Hao took the regnal name of Si Inthrathit and became the first monarch of the Phra Ruang dynasty. The kingdom was centralized and expanded to its greatest extent during the reign of Ram Khamhaeng the Great (1279–1298), who some historians considered to have introduced Theravada Buddhism and the initial Thai script to the kingdom.
Phra Ruang I [1]: 24–28 (Si Inthrathit) [4] K. of Sukhothai–Sawankhalok 1188–1270 r. 1238–1270: Rebuild Sawankhalok [1]: 17 / Phra Ruang Dynasty establishment: Khamhaeng Phra Ram Ruler of Saraluang–Song Khwae [d] First king of Si Nao Nam Thum dynasty Some scholars speculate he's from upper Nan River Valley [2] Si Sattha
The word Phra Ruang (Thai: พระร่วง) is a term assigned to monarchs of the Sukhothai dynasty, specifically Phra Maha Thammaracha I. "Traiphum Phra Ruang" (Thai: ไตรภูมิพระร่วง) can also be called "Triphumkatha" (Thai: ไตรภูมิกถา) or "Tephumkatha" (Thai: เตภูมิกถา ...
[55]: 64 Another notable work from this period is Traiphummikatha, also known as Trai phum phra ruang. It is a treatise on Buddhist cosmology and traditional worldview and beliefs, and was composed by King Lithai in 1345. [56] It is recognized as the first Thai Buddhist literary work and the earliest example of a scholarly thesis in the country.
The Wat Chaiwatthanaram structure reflects the Buddhist world view, as it is described already in the Traiphum Phra Ruang, the "three worlds of the King Ruang", of the 14th century: The big "Prang Prathan" that stands in the centre symbolizes the mountain Meru (Thai: เขาพระสุเมรุ - Khao Phra Sumen), which consists the central axis of the traditional world (Kamaphum ...