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  2. Null object pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Null_object_pattern

    In object-oriented computer programming, a null object is an object with no referenced value or with defined neutral (null) behavior.The null object design pattern, which describes the uses of such objects and their behavior (or lack thereof), was first published as "Void Value" [1] and later in the Pattern Languages of Program Design book series as "Null Object".

  3. Linked list - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_list

    The list handle should then be a pointer to the last data node, before the sentinel, if the list is not empty; or to the sentinel itself, if the list is empty. The same trick can be used to simplify the handling of a doubly linked linear list, by turning it into a circular doubly linked list with a single sentinel node.

  4. List (abstract data type) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_(abstract_data_type)

    A singly-linked list structure, implementing a list with three integer elements. The term list is also used for several concrete data structures that can be used to implement abstract lists, especially linked lists and arrays. In some contexts, such as in Lisp programming, the term list may refer specifically to a linked list rather than an array.

  5. Bottom type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottom_type

    Bot is useful in typing the "leaf nodes" of polymorphic data structures. For example, List(Bot) is a good type for nil. Bot is a natural type for the "null pointer" value (a pointer which does not point to any object) of languages like Java: in Java, the null type is the universal subtype of reference types.

  6. NOP (code) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOP_(code)

    Most C compilers generate no code for null statements, which has historical and performance reasons. ; An empty block (compound statement) is also a NOP, and may be more legible, but will still have no code generated for it by the compiler. {} In some cases, such as the body of a function, a block must be used, but this can be empty.

  7. List of Java bytecode instructions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Java_bytecode...

    This is a list of the instructions that make up the Java bytecode, an abstract machine language that is ultimately executed by the Java virtual machine. [1] The Java bytecode is generated from languages running on the Java Platform, most notably the Java programming language.

  8. Boxing (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxing_(computer_programming)

    However, the compiler automatically transforms the code so that the list will "silently" receive objects, while the source code only mentions primitive values. For example, the programmer can now write list. add (3) and think as if the int 3 were added to the list; but, the compiler will have actually transformed the line into list. add (new ...

  9. cons - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cons

    An empty list (), which is a special object usually called nil. A cons cell whose car is the first element of the list and whose cdr is a list containing the rest of the elements. This forms the basis of a simple, singly linked list structure whose contents can be manipulated with cons , car , and cdr .