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Multan was the primary cultural centre or capital of Punjab region mostly in late ancient (500 BC-500 CE) and medieval era (500-1500 CE). [1] Multan region was centre of many civilizations in its 5 millennia old history, and witnessed warfare across millennia because of its location on a major invasion route between South and Central Asia.
The Emirate of Multan was a medieval kingdom in Punjab region in the northwest Indian subcontinent [3] that was centred around city of Multan (present-day Punjab, Pakistan). It initially extended towards parts of Kashmir, and included parts of present-day Punjab.
Al-Baladhuri's Futuh al-Buldan (c. mid-9th century C.E.) remains the earliest narrative-history to cover the history of the temple under Umayyad rule; he noted that all wealth—amounting to thirteen thousand and two hundred maunds of gold [8] —were confiscated from what was the "preeminent site of pilgrimage" for local Sindhis. [7]
Mallian people (Ancient Greek: Μάλλοι) were a tribe from southern Punjab, with capital in today's Multan city, south of the confluence of the Jhelum and Ravi, rivers, who confronted Alexander the Great during his Mallian campaign in 326 BC. They are mentioned by ancient Greek historians during the campaign of Alexander. [1] [2]
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites are places of importance to cultural or natural heritage as described in the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, established in 1972. [1]
An 1865 picture of Tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam, with visible remains of Multan fort at its edge. The fort was notable for both its effectiveness as a defence installation and for its architecture. The location of the famed Multan Sun Temple is located within the fort premises. Contemporary reports put the walls of the fort at 40 to 70 feet (21 m ...
In keeping with Sufi tradition in Punjab, the shrine's influence is augmented by smaller shrines spread throughout the region around Multan. [3] These secondary shrines form a wilayat, or a "spiritual territory" of the primary shrine. [3] As home to the primary shrine, Multan serves as the capital of Bahauddin Zakariya's wilayat. [3]
Under Mughal rule, Multan enjoyed 200 years of peace in a time when the city became known as Dar al-Aman ("Abode of Peace"). During the Mughal era, Multan was an important centre of agricultural production and manufacturing of cotton textiles. [4] Multan was a centre for currency minting, [4] as well as tile-making during the Mughal era. [5]