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This relative alignment of the energy bands at such semiconductor heterojunctions is called the Band offset. The band offsets can be determined by both intrinsic properties, that is, determined by properties of the bulk materials, as well as non-intrinsic properties, namely, specific properties of the interface.
Black's Equation is a mathematical model for the mean time to failure (MTTF) of a semiconductor circuit due to electromigration: a phenomenon of molecular rearrangement (movement) in the solid phase caused by an electromagnetic field. The equation is: [1] = ()
For semiconductor alloys it may be necessary to use Vegard's law to calculate these values. Once the relative positions of the conduction and valence bands for both semiconductors are known, Anderson's rule allows the calculation of the band offsets of both the valence band ( Δ E v {\displaystyle \Delta E_{\rm {v}}} ) and the conduction band ...
Keeping the resistance of wiring and the spreading resistance within the probe tips to a minimum, the measured resistance is almost exclusively from = for silicon samples at least thick. With the aid of calibration resistivity standards, ρ {\displaystyle \rho } can be determined at each probing by the probe pair.
The Shockley diode equation relates the diode current of a p-n junction diode to the diode voltage .This relationship is the diode I-V characteristic: = (), where is the saturation current or scale current of the diode (the magnitude of the current that flows for negative in excess of a few , typically 10 −12 A).
The reason for the name "ohms per square" is that a square sheet with sheet resistance 10 ohm/square has an actual resistance of 10 ohm, regardless of the size of the square. (For a square, =, so =.) The unit can be thought of as, loosely, "ohms · aspect ratio". Example: A 3-unit long by 1-unit wide (aspect ratio = 3) sheet made of material ...
To find the resistance of a semiconductor at a given temperature, the inverse of the Steinhart–Hart equation must be used. See the Application Note , "A, B, C Coefficients for Steinhart–Hart Equation".
The former component can be described with the formula , whereas represents the sheet resistance of the semiconductor substrate and the width of the metal pads. The other component that contributes to the total resistance is denoted by 2 R C {\displaystyle 2R_{C}} because when two adjacent pads are characterized two identical metallized areas ...