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In enzymology, a 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate synthase (HMB-PP synthase, IspG, EC 1.17.7.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate + protein-dithiol ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + H 2 O + protein-disulfide
4-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase is an iron-sulfur protein that contains either a [3Fe-4S] or a [4Fe-4S] cluster.
a C-terminal catalytic domain (amino acid interval: 489-871), namely the 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase domain. This domain is required for the proper enzymatic activity of the protein. [9] Isoform 2 is 835 amino acids long. This variant is shorter because it lacks an exon in the middle region (amino acids 522–574).
The vapor is heavier than air, so it can accumulate at low points. It is explosive at concentrations between 1.4 and 11.4%. [16] Concentrations in the air high enough to be flammable are intolerable to humans due to the irritating nature of the vapor. [12] Butanone fires should be extinguished with carbon dioxide, dry agents, or alcohol ...
[3] HMB-PP is the physiological activator ("phosphoantigen") for human Vγ9/Vδ2 T cells, the major γδ T cell population in peripheral blood. With a bioactivity of 0.1 nM it is 10,000-10,000,000 times more potent than any other natural compound, such as IPP or alkyl amines. HMB-PP functions in this capacity by binding the B30.2 domain of ...
The mevalonate pathway (MVA pathway or HMG-CoA reductase pathway) and the MEP pathway are metabolic pathways for the biosynthesis of isoprenoid precursors: IPP and DMAPP. . Whereas plants use both MVA and MEP pathway, most organisms only use one of the pathways for the biosynthesis of isoprenoid precurs
The enzyme 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase (EC 3.1.2.4) catalyzes the reaction 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl-CoA + H 2 O CoA + 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate. This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on thioester bonds. The systematic name is 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl-CoA hydrolase.
Acetoin, also known as 3-hydroxybutanone or acetyl methyl carbinol, is an organic compound with the formula CH 3 CH(OH)C(O)CH 3. It is a colorless liquid with a pleasant, buttery odor. It is chiral .