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Iterative impedance of an infinite ladder of L-circuit sections Image impedance of an infinite ladder of L-circuit half-sections. Iterative impedance is a similar concept to image impedance. Whereas an iterative impedance is formed by connecting port 2 of the first two-port network to port 1 of the next, an image impedance is formed by ...
The mechanical analogue in the impedance analogy of the constant voltage generator is the constant force generator. The mechanical analogue of the constant current generator is the constant velocity generator. [17] An example of a constant force generator is the constant-force spring. This is analogous to a real voltage source, such as a ...
The definition of image impedance for a two-port network is the impedance, Z i 1, seen looking into port 1 when port 2 is terminated with the image impedance, Z i 2, for port 2. In general, the image impedances of ports 1 and 2 will not be equal unless the network is symmetrical (or anti-symmetrical) with respect to the ports.
The change from a series arrangement to a parallel arrangement results in the circuit having a peak in impedance at resonance rather than a minimum, so the circuit is an anti-resonator. The graph opposite shows that there is a minimum in the frequency response of the current at the resonance frequency ω 0 = 1 / L C {\displaystyle ~\omega _{0 ...
To be realisable as a rational impedance, Z(s) must be positive-real. The positive-real (PR) condition is both necessary and sufficient [8] but there may be practical reasons for rejecting some topologies. [7] A general impedance transform for finding equivalent rational one-ports from a given instance of [Z] is due to Wilhelm Cauer.
The converse also holds: if a current source in parallel with an impedance is present, multiplying the value of the current source with the value of the impedance provides the equivalent voltage source in series with the impedance. A visual example of a source transformation can be seen in Figure 1.
Examples are imperfect voltage followers (emitter, source, cathode follower, etc.) and amplifiers with series negative feedback (emitter degeneration), whose input impedance is moderately increased. The op-amp non-inverting amplifier is a typical circuit with series negative feedback based on the Miller theorem, where the op-amp differential ...
Blackman's theorem is a general procedure for calculating the change in an impedance due to feedback in a circuit. It was published by Ralph Beebe Blackman in 1943, [1] was connected to signal-flow analysis by John Choma, and was made popular in the extra element theorem by R. D. Middlebrook and the asymptotic gain model of Solomon Rosenstark.