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  2. High-performance liquid chromatography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-performance_liquid...

    HPLC has many applications in both laboratory and clinical science. It is a common technique used in pharmaceutical development, as it is a dependable way to obtain and ensure product purity. [59] While HPLC can produce extremely high quality (pure) products, it is not always the primary method used in the production of bulk drug materials. [60]

  3. OpenChrom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenChrom

    OpenChrom is an open source software for the analysis and visualization of mass spectrometric and chromatographic data. [4] Its focus is to handle native data files from several mass spectrometry systems (e.g. GC/MS, LC/MS, Py-GC/MS, HPLC-MS), vendors like Agilent Technologies, Varian, Shimadzu, Thermo Fisher, PerkinElmer and others.

  4. Atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric-pressure...

    Ionization in the gas phase by APCI follows the sequences: sample in solution, sample vapor, and sample ions. The effluent from the HPLC is evaporated completely. The mixture of solvent and sample vapor is then ionized by ion-molecule reaction. [9] The ionization can either be carried out in positive or negative ionization mode.

  5. Reversed-phase chromatography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reversed-phase_chromatography

    Silica gel particles are commonly used as a stationary phase in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for several reasons, [13] [14] including: High surface area: Silica gel particles have a high surface area, allowing direct interactions with solutes or after bonding of variety of ligands for versatile interactions with the sample molecules, leading to better separations.

  6. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_chromatography...

    MS is an experiment that must take place in gas phase and under vacuum (1.33 * 10 −2 to 1.33 * 10 −6 pascal). Therefore, the development of devices facilitating the transition from samples at higher pressure and in condensed phase (solid or liquid) into a vacuum system has been essential to develop MS as a potent tool for identification and ...

  7. List of mass spectrometry software - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mass_spectrometry...

    This is an "R" package with graphical user interface for differential abundance analysis of label-free quantitative proteomics data. [70] [71] [72] ms2mz Freeware: Utility converts between mass spectrometer file formats, e.g. to convert proprietary binary files to MGF peak list files, to prepare for upload to Proteome Cluster. Multimaging ...

  8. Calibration curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calibration_curve

    A calibration curve plot showing limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), dynamic range, and limit of linearity (LOL).. In analytical chemistry, a calibration curve, also known as a standard curve, is a general method for determining the concentration of a substance in an unknown sample by comparing the unknown to a set of standard samples of known concentration. [1]

  9. Solid-phase extraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-phase_extraction

    SPE is in fact a method of chromatography, in the sense of having a mobile phase, carrying mixtures through a stationary phase, packed inside a column.The chromatographic process is harnessed to create a solid-liquid extractive technique—allowing separation of a mixture of components by taking advantage of large differences between the solid and liquid phase K eq, or equilibrium constant ...