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Coal mining in the South Wales Coalfield was a dangerous occupation with lifelong health implications. [15] Between 1849 and 1853, miners over the age of 25 in the Merthyr Tydfil district were found to have a life expectancy of around 20 years lower than in other mining areas of England and Wales. [16]
The last operating deep coal mine in the United Kingdom, Kellingley colliery in North Yorkshire, closed in December 2015. [1] After 2015, most continuing coal mines were collieries owned by freeminers , or open pit mines of which there were 26 in 2014. [ 2 ]
Nantgarw Colliery (amalgamated with Windsor Colliery in 1974, closed 1986); deepest pit in the South Wales Coalfield when sunk in 1915; Navigation Colliery in Crumlin; Nine Mile Point Colliery at Cwmfelinfach (closed 1964) Oakdale Colliery at Ty Mellyn in the Sirhowy Valley (closed 1989; linked to Markham and Celynen North) Ogilvie Colliery ...
The Mine Rescue Station was opened in Station Road, Crumlin in 1910 and closed in 1986. It was the first in the South Wales Coalfield. [7] In 1914, the South Wales and Monmouthshire School of Mines at Treforest established a sister school for part-time students at Crumlin Hall, which later became the Crumlin Mining and Technical College ...
The South Wales Coalfield was at its peak in 1913 and was one of the largest coalfields in the world. It remained the largest coalfield in Britain until 1925. [1] The supply of coal dwindled [citation needed], and pits closed in spite of a UK-wide strike against closures. Aberpergwm Colliery is the last deep mine in Wales. [2]
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Markham is a small village in the South Wales Valleys in Caerphilly County Borough, to the northeast of Bargoed. The B4511 road links to Markham from Aberbargoed and joins the A4048 road to the north of Argoed. The Sirhowy River flows to the east of the village. [1] [2] The village's population was around 1,495 people in 2011. [3]
The colliery was developed at a cost of £270,000 from 1889, by the Dowlais Iron Company, to feed a new steel works in Cardiff. [1] Initially known as the Dowlais Cardiff Colliery, the two shafts were sunk to the Nine Feet coal seam at depths of 740 yards (680 m) (South - upcast) and 753 yards (689 m) (North - downcast).