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The kingpin angle has an important effect on steering, making it tend to return to the straight ahead or centre position because the straight ahead position is where the suspended body of the vehicle is at its lowest point. Thus, the weight of the vehicle tends to rotate the wheel about the kingpin back to this position. The kingpin inclination ...
The term fifth wheel comes from a similar coupling used on four-wheel horse-drawn carriages and wagons. The device allowed the front axle assembly to pivot in the horizontal plane, to facilitate turning. A wheel would be placed on the rear frame section of the truck, which at the time had only four wheels, making the additional wheel the "fifth ...
It was invented by the German carriage builder Georg Lankensperger in Munich in 1816, then patented by his agent in England, Rudolph Ackermann (1764–1834) in 1818 for horse-drawn carriages. Erasmus Darwin may have a prior claim as the inventor dating from 1758. [2] He devised his steering system because he was injured when a carriage tipped over.
The pin and hole arrangement could be reversed. The horse harness is attached to this assembly. To enable the wagon to turn in as little space as possible, the front pair of wheels are often made smaller than the rear pair to allow them to turn close under the vehicle sides, [3] and to allow them to turn still further, the wagon body may be ...
Hearse: The horse-drawn version of a modern hearse. Herdic: A specific type of horse-drawn carriage, used as an omnibus. Irish jaunting car, or outside car (1890–1900) Jaunting car: a sprung cart in which passengers sat back to back with their feet outboard of the wheels. Karozzin: a traditional Maltese carriage drawn by one horse or a pair
Drawn by one or two horses, a phaeton typically featured a minimal very lightly sprung body atop four extravagantly large wheels. With open seating, it was both fast and dangerous, giving rise to its name, drawn from the mythical Phaëthon , son of Helios , who nearly set the Earth on fire while attempting to drive the chariot of the Sun.
The cart was also relatively safe, being difficult to either fall from, overturn, or to injure oneself with either the horse or wheels. The governess cart was a relatively late development in horse-drawn vehicles, appearing around 1900 as a substitute for the dogcart. These were a similar light cart, but their high exposed seats had a poor ...