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Complex regional pain syndrome is uncommon, and its cause is not clearly understood. CRPS typically develops after an injury, surgery, heart attack, or stroke. [8] [12] Investigators estimate that 2–5% of those with peripheral nerve injury, [13] and 13–70% of those with hemiplegia (paralysis of one side of the body) [14] will develop CRPS.
Here are links to possibly useful sources of information about Complex regional pain syndrome. PubMed provides review articles from the past five years (limit to free review articles ) The TRIP database provides clinical publications about evidence-based medicine .
A physical exam will assess for tenderness or pain upon palpation, with an absence of heat, erythema, or swelling. The physical exam may assess if the pain is worsened with movements of the upper body or breathing, and may be reproduced upon using the crowing rooster maneuver, the hooking maneuver, or the horizontal flexion maneuver.
Intractable pain, also called intractable pain syndrome (IPS), is a severe, constant, relentless, and debilitating pain that is not curable by any known means and which causes a house-bound or bed-bound state and early death if not adequately treated, usually with opioids and/or interventional procedures.
Spontaneous remission, also called spontaneous healing or spontaneous regression, is an unexpected improvement or cure from a disease that usually progresses. These terms are commonly used for unexpected transient or final improvements in cancer .
Pain management often uses a multidisciplinary approach for easing the suffering and improving the quality of life of anyone experiencing pain, [2] whether acute pain or chronic pain. Relief of pain in general (analgesia) is often an acute affair, whereas managing chronic pain requires additional dimensions.
Two-point discrimination (2PD) is the ability to discern that two nearby objects touching the skin are truly two distinct points, not one.It is often tested with two sharp points during a neurological examination [1]: 632 [2]: 71 and is assumed to reflect how finely innervated an area of skin is.
Its incidence varies from 0.2 to 1.36% as recorded in case reports. [36] Compartment syndrome after a snake bite is more common in children. [ 35 ] Increased white blood cell count of more than 1,650/μL and aspartate transaminase (AST) level of more than 33.5 U/L are associated with developing compartment syndrome. [ 36 ]