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Labor feminism was a women's movement in the United States that emerged in the 1920s, focused on gaining rights in the workplace and unions. Labor feminists advocated for protectionist legislation and special benefits for women, a variant of social feminism .
At the same time over 16 million men left their jobs to join the war in Europe and elsewhere, opening even more opportunities and places for women to take over in the job force. [110] Although two million women lost their jobs after the war ended, female participation in the workforce was still higher than it had ever been. [111]
It was the fifth-oldest women's college in the U.S. when it announced its closure in 2021. [1] 1842: Valley Union Seminary (now Hollins University) is the oldest chartered women's college in Virginia. 1844: Saint Mary's College (Indiana) was founded by the Sisters of the Holy Cross. It was the first women's college in the Great Lakes region. It ...
Women's clubs "established the idea that women had a moral duty and responsibility to transform, define and shape public policy". [9] Women's clubs were also "training schools" for women who wanted to get involved in the public sphere. [10] They helped women attain both social and political power. [11]
The first training school for women teachers is opened. [71] Japan Women are allowed to study in the USA (though not yet in Japan itself). [142] New Zealand Universities open to women. [143] 1872: Sweden First female university student: Betty Pettersson. [137] Japan Compulsory elementary education for both girls and boys. [144] Ottoman Empire
The Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act of 1862 founded universities to educate both men and women in practical fields of study, though women's courses were still centered around home economics. By 1870 30% of colleges were co-educational, later in the 1930s women-only colleges were established that expanded opportunities for courses of study to ...
When women entered the paid workforce in the 1920s they were paid less than men because employers thought the women's jobs were temporary. Employers also paid women less than men because they believed in the "Pin Money Theory", which said that women's earnings were secondary to that of their male counterparts.
The 19th-century suffragette movement to gain women's democratic rights was the most significant influence on the New Woman. Education and employment opportunities for women were increasing as western countries became more urban and industrialized. The "pink-collar" workforce gave women a foothold in the business and institutional sphere. In ...