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Cronartium ribicola is a species of rust fungus in the family Cronartiaceae that causes the disease white pine blister rust. Other names include: Rouille vésiculeuse du pin blanc (French), white pine Blasenrost (German), moho ampolla del pino blanco (Spanish). [2]
Symptoms can overlap across causal agents, however differing signs and symptoms of certain pathogens can lead to the diagnosis of the type of leaf spot disease. Prolonged wet and humid conditions promote leaf spot disease and most pathogens are spread by wind, splashing rain or irrigation that carry the disease to other leaves. [2]
The most infected needles are prematurely shed by December. Because the infected needles are within the interior of the tree, the newer needles on the outer surface of the pines are flushed green and resistant to the disease. However, the premature shedding of needles in the interior can extend outwards leading to a loss in overall growth.
Powdery mildew diseases are caused by many different species of ascomycete fungi in the order Erysiphales. Powdery mildew is one of the easier plant diseases to identify, as the signs of the causal pathogen are quite distinctive. Infected plants display white powdery spots on the leaves and stems. [1]
Western white pine is a large tree, regularly growing to 30–50 metres (98–164 ft) tall. It is a member of the white pine group, Pinus subgenus Strobus, and like all members of that group, the leaves ('needles') are in fascicles (bundles) of five, [5] with a deciduous sheath. The needles are finely serrated, [5] and 5
Edema, (also spelled oedema, and named from the analogous disorder in humans and other animals), is a disorder in plants caused by the build-up of water in plant tissues faster than the leaves can transpire. [1] [2] The excess fluid bursts the cell membranes, which can appear as blistery growths, red spots, or small white 'crystals'. [3]
The symptoms give the disease its name. The first signs of infection that can be seen are yellow and brown spots that develop on the living needles, [7] [8] which soon turn red. This infection starts on the base of the crown on older needles, which then turn a brownish red at the tip, while the rest of the needle remains green. [9]
The symptoms are variable depending on the host infected, ranging from stunted leaves to chlorotic needles and dieback of twigs and branches. However, all infected hosts display symptoms characteristic of being infected by a white rotting fungus. The most effective ways of management focus on limiting the spread of the fungus, planting ...