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The drugs they studied included cocaine and a few others that have some similarities to cocaine in how they affect the brain. They trained the monkeys to give themselves these drugs through injections and observed their behavior. They wanted to see if the drugs had similar effects on the monkeys.
Cocaine is a non-selective, competitive inhibitor of monoamine transporters, sharing a similar mechanism with that of methylphenidate. Cocaine interacts with DAT, SERT, and NET, although the behavioral and reinforcing effects of cocaine depend on its inhibition of DAT and the increase in extracellular dopamine. [1]
Cocaine addiction results from complex molecular changes in the brain following multiple exposures to cocaine. [16] Dynorphins have been shown to be an important part of this process. Although a single exposure to cocaine does not affect brain dynorphin levels, repeated exposures to the drug increases dynorphin concentrations in the striatum ...
This suggests a positive neuromodulatory action of CART on the effects of psychostimulants in rats. [18] CART is altered in the ventral tegmental area of cocaine overdose victims, and a mutation in the CART gene is associated with alcoholism. [19] By inhibiting the rewarding effects of cocaine, CART has a potential use in treating cocaine ...
[16] [19] [44] [38] [46] In accordance with the preceding, levomethamphetamine was found to selectively induce brain norepinephrine release with minimal effect on brain dopamine release across an assessed dosage range in rodents. [48] The drug did not increase locomotor activity at the assessed doses, in which brain dopamine release was not ...
Interacting with dogs in various activities could strengthen activity in brain areas associated with relaxation and focus, a new study has found. ... Different activities had varying effects on ...
"This study demonstrated that specific dog activities could activate stronger relaxation, emotional stability, attention, concentration, and creativity by facilitating increased brain activity ...
SB-242084 is a selective antagonist of the serotonin 5-HT 2C receptor which is used in scientific research. [1]It has anxiolytic effects-like effects in rodents, [2] and enhances dopamine signalling in the limbic system, [3] as well as having complex effects on the dopamine release produced by cocaine, increasing it in some brain regions [4] [5] but reducing it in others.