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The earliest Swiss Guard unit to be established on a permanent basis was the Hundred Swiss (Cent-Suisses), which served at the French court from 1490 to 1817. This small force was complemented in 1616 by a Swiss Guards regiment. In the 18th and early 19th centuries several other Swiss Guard units existed for periods in various European courts.
The Commander of the Pontifical Swiss Guard is the head of the Pontifical Swiss Guard. In total, there have been 35 commanders of the Swiss Guard serving 51 popes, with interruptions during 1527–1548 following the Sack of Rome , in 1564/5, in 1704–1712 and in 1798/9 following the French invasion .
In 1767, d'Affry was made colonel of the Swiss Guards. [1] He served as Louis XV's representative to the Dutch Republic from 1755 to 1762, and was the unofficial ambassador of the Old Swiss Confederacy to the French court. [1] [4] From 1771 until 1792, d'Affry was in charge of all Swiss troops in French service. [1]
The military history of Switzerland comprises centuries of armed actions, and the role of the Swiss military in conflicts and peacekeeping worldwide. Despite maintaining neutrality since its independence from the Holy Roman Empire in 1499, [1] Switzerland has been involved in military operations dating back to the hiring of Swiss mercenaries by foreign nations, including the Papal States.
1757: Sailor "Arthur Douglas" is revealed to be a woman. Her birth-name is unknown. [49] 1757: An unnamed female serve in the Dutch army dressed as a man. [20] 1757–58: Two unnamed females serve in the Dutch navy dressed as a males. [20] 1759–1771: Mary Lacy serves as a Marine carpenter under the name of "William Chandler". [50]
Officer and soldier of the Swiss Guards in French service, 1757. Soldatenhandel (German: 'soldier trade') was a practice of European states to raise and lease armed forces for compensation, especially in the German states of the Holy Roman Empire.
Pages in category "Commanders of the Swiss Guard" The following 23 pages are in this category, out of 23 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
Articles relating to the Pontifical Swiss Guard, a small force maintained by the Holy See that is responsible for the safety of the Pope, including the security of the Apostolic Palace. The Swiss Guard serves as the de facto military of Vatican City .