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Nd:YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet; Nd:Y 3 Al 5 O 12) is a crystal that is used as a lasing medium for solid-state lasers. The dopant , neodymium in the +3 oxidation state, Nd(III), typically replaces a small fraction (1%) of the yttrium ions in the host crystal structure of the yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), since the two ions are ...
YAG laser may refer to two types of lasers that use yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG): Nd:YAG laser (doped with neodymium) Er:YAG laser (doped with erbium
Yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG, Y 3 Al 5 O 12) is a synthetic crystalline material of the garnet group. It is a cubic yttrium aluminium oxide phase, with other examples being YAlO 3 (YAP [2]) in a hexagonal or an orthorhombic, perovskite-like form, and the monoclinic Y 4 Al 2 O 9 (YAM [3]).
Neodymium-doped yttrium lithium fluoride (Nd:YLF) is a lasing medium for arc lamp-pumped and diode-pumped solid-state lasers. The YLF crystal (LiYF 4) is naturally birefringent, and commonly used laser transitions occur at 1047 nm and 1053 nm. [1] It is used in Q-switched systems in part due to its relatively long fluorescence lifetime.
Neodymium-doped gadolinium orthovanadate, typically abbreviated as Nd:GdVO 4, is one of the active laser medium for diode laser-pumped solid-state lasers. Several advantages over Nd:YAG crystals include a larger emission cross-section , a pump power threshold, a wider absorption bandwidth, and a polarized output.
Neodymium is present in significant quantities in the minerals monazite and bastnäsite. Neodymium is not found naturally in metallic form or unmixed with other lanthanides, and it is usually refined for general use. Neodymium is fairly common—about as common as cobalt, nickel, or copper—and is widely distributed in the Earth's crust. [10]
Neodymium-doped yttrium orthovanadate (Nd:YVO 4) is a crystalline material formed by adding neodymium ions to yttrium orthovanadate. It is commonly used as an active laser medium for diode-pumped solid-state lasers. It comes as a transparent blue-tinted material. It is birefringent, therefore rods made of it are usually rectangular.
Neodymium(III) carbonate is the carbonate of neodymium where neodymium exhibits the +3 oxidation state. It can be obtained by reacting neodymium(III) chloride with ammonium bicarbonate in water or from the hydrolysis of neodymium(III) chloroacetate: [14] 2Nd(C 2 Cl 3 O 2) 3 + 3H 2 O → Nd 2 (CO 3) 3 + 6CHCl 3 + 3CO 2 Neodymium acetate powder