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The fabric passes over rollers, immerses into a dye bath, and then proceeds through rollers that remove excess dye, allowing it to return to the dye container. [8] The difference between piece-dyeing in a vat and using a pad-dyeing machine is that in the latter, the fabric is continuously moved through one or more dye baths, rather than being ...
Dye molecules are fixed to the fiber by absorption, diffusion, or bonding with temperature and time being key controlling factors. The bond between dye molecule and fiber may be strong or weak, depending on the dye used. Dyeing and printing are different applications; in printing, color is applied to a localized area with desired patterns.
Scouring is an essential pre-treatment for the subsequent finishing stages that include bleaching, dyeing, and printing. [5] Raw and unfinished textiles contain a significant amount of impurities, both natural and foreign. It is necessary to eliminate these impurities to make the products ready for later steps in textile manufacturing. [6]
Package dyeing is a method where yarns are wound on perforated cones placed in a dye vessel. The dye solution is then alternatively pushed inside out and vice versa. Examples are many stripes, patterned (checks) and jacquard designed fabrics. [9] [15] Piece dyeing: In piece dyeing, the dyeing takes place after producing fabrics with undyed ...
Textile dyeing plants generate wastewater that contain synthetic (e.g., reactive dyes, acid dyes, basic dyes, disperse dyes, vat dyes, sulphur dyes, mordant dyes, direct dyes, ingrain dyes, solvent dyes, pigment dyes) [40] and natural dyestuff, gum thickener (guar) and various wetting agents, pH buffers and dye retardants or accelerators.
Batch dyeing (exhaust dyeing) is a method of dyeing a textile material. The method involves the gradual transfer of dye from a dye bath to the textile material in the same piece of equipment. [ 1 ] The various methods of batch dyeing result from the type of machine used in the dyeing process.
Textile printing is related to dyeing but in dyeing properly the whole fabric is uniformly covered with one colour, whereas in printing one or more colours are applied to it in certain parts only, and in sharply defined patterns. [1] In printing, wooden blocks, stencils, engraved plates, rollers, or silkscreens can be used to place colours on ...
In 2016 Swedish outdoor company Fjällräven became the first company to use the We are Spindye technology when they launched Re-Kånken, a remake of Fjällräven's iconic children's backpack Kånken first released in 1978. [6] [7] Re-Kånken backpacks are made of recycled polyester sourced from 11 plastic water bottles. [8]