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The Indo-Gangetic Plain, also known as the Northern Plain or North Indian River Plain, is a fertile plain spanning 700,000 km 2 (270,000 sq mi) across the northern and north-eastern part of the Indian subcontinent. It encompasses northern and eastern India, eastern Pakistan, southern Nepal, and almost all of Bangladesh.
The economy of North India varies from agrarian in the northern plains to very industrialised in Maharashtra, the National Capital Region and West Bengal. Northwest Indian plains have prospered as a consequence of the Green Revolution in Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh, and have experienced both economic and social development.
North India, according to combined definition by the Ministry of Home Affairs, Geological Survey of India and Ministry of Culture refers to the northern region of India comprising the states of Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan and the Union Territories of Delhi, Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh and Chandigarh. [1 ...
North Indian culture, also referred to as Hindustani culture, refers to the culture of northern Indian subcontinent formed over centuries of the region's history and has been influenced by other neighbouring cultures, notably that of Persia. Its origins date back to the Vedic era following the migrations of the Indo-Aryan peoples into India.
It has various ecoregions ranging from the high altitude Himalayas, tropical evergreen forests along the Western Ghats, desert in the north-west, coastal plains and mangroves along the peninsular region. [22] India's climate has become progressively drier since the late Miocene, reducing forest cover in northern India in favour of grassland. [23]
The Muslim invasion of northern India during the 14th century forced Hindu and Buddhist people to seek refuge from religious persecution. Rajput nobles and their entourage migrated to the Himalayan foothills and gained control over the region from Kashmir to the eastern Terai during the following three centuries. [33]
The extreme points of India include the coordinates that are further north, south, east or west than any other location in India; and the highest and the lowest altitudes in the country. The northernmost point claimed by India is in territory disputed between India and Pakistan , and administered partially by both.
The ecoregion is currently densely populated, and the fertile plains have largely been converted to intensive agriculture, with only a few enclaves of forest remaining. A 2017 assessment found that 3,544 km 2, or 1%, of the ecoregion is in protected areas. [2] Protected areas in the ecoregion include: [1] Jim Corbett National Park