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Messier 82 (also known as NGC 3034, Cigar Galaxy or M82) is a starburst galaxy approximately 12 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major. It is the second-largest member of the M81 Group , with the D 25 isophotal diameter of 12.52 kiloparsecs (40,800 light-years ).
M82, a starburst galaxy often referred to as the "Cigar Galaxy", is thought to exhibit strong superwinds. [1]A galactic superwind, or just galactic wind, is a high velocity stellar wind emanating from either newly formed massive stars, spiral density waves, or as the result of the effects of supermassive black holes. [2]
SN 2014J was a type-Ia supernova in Messier 82 (the 'Cigar Galaxy', M82) discovered in mid-January 2014. [3] It was the closest type-Ia supernova discovered for 42 years, and no subsequent supernova has been closer as of 2023. The supernova was discovered by chance during an undergraduate teaching session at the University of London Observatory.
This is a list of largest galaxies known, sorted by order of increasing major axis diameters. The unit of measurement used is the light-year (approximately 9.46 × 10 12 kilometers). Overview
The largest in the Cartwheel Galaxy group, made up of four spiral galaxies [citation needed] Cigar Galaxy: Ursa Major: Appears similar in shape to a cigar. [citation needed] Also known as Messier 82 or M82 [citation needed] Circinus Galaxy: Circinus: Named after the constellation it is located in . [citation needed] Cocoon Galaxy: Canes Venatici
Messier 81 (also known as NGC 3031 or Bode's Galaxy) is a grand design spiral galaxy about 12 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major. It has a D 25 isophotal diameter of 29.44 kiloparsecs (96,000 light-years ).
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For example, NGC 2914 (Arp 137) is merely a spiral galaxy with faint spiral arms, [14] and NGC 4015 (Arp 138) is an interacting pair of galaxies where one galaxy is an edge-on spiral galaxy. [15] Some objects, such as NGC 2444 and NGC 2445 ( Arp 143 ), are systems that contain "ring galaxies", which are created when one galaxy (the elliptical ...