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Diabrotica barberi, the northern corn rootworm, is a species of skeletonizing leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in North America . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Adults feed on corn, and, when corn is unavailable, goldenrod pollen.
Diabrotica undecimpunctata, the spotted cucumber beetle or southern corn rootworm, is a species of cucumber beetle that is native to North America. The species can be a major agricultural pest insect in North America. Spotted cucumber beetles cause damage to crops in the larval and adult stages of their life cycle.
Diabrotica barberi R. Smith & Lawrence, 1967 - northern corn rootworm; Diabrotica barclayi Derunkov, Rocha Prado, Tishechkin & Konstantinov, 2015; Diabrotica balteata LeConte, 1865 - banded cucumber beetle; Diabrotica bartleti Baly, 1890; Diabrotica beniensis Krysan & Smith, 1987; Diabrotica biannularis Harold, 1875; Diabrotica bilineata Baly, 1890
There are many similarities in the life cycles of the northern and western corn rootworm. Both overwinter in the egg stage in the soil. Eggs, which are deposited in the soil during the summer, are American football-shaped, white, and less than 0.004 inches (0.10 mm) long. Larvae hatch in late May or early June and begin to feed on corn roots.
Diapause is observed in all the life stages of arthropods, especially insects. Activity levels of diapausing stages can vary considerably among species. Diapause may occur in a completely immobile stage, such as the pupae and eggs, or it may occur in very active stages that undergo extensive migrations, such as the adult monarch butterfly ...
It includes two subspecies, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (the western corn rootworm) and Diabrotica virgifera zeae (the Mexican corn rootworm). [2]
For example, the northern corn rootworm (Diabrotica barberi) became adapted to a corn-soybean crop rotation by spending the year when the field is planted with soybeans in a diapause. [6] As of 2014, few new weed killers are near commercialization, and none with a novel, resistance-free mode of action. [7]
The European corn borer lives and feeds primarily on field corn, but also eats sweet corn, popcorn, and seed corn. The first generation of corn borers which develops during the late spring feeds on the leaves and stalks of corn plants. In addition, the second generation feeds on the ear of corn, the leaf sheath, and the ear shank.