Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Glipizide, sold under the brand name Glucotrol among others, is an anti-diabetic medication of the sulfonylurea class used to treat type 2 diabetes. [1] [2] It is used together with a diabetic diet and exercise. [1] [2] It is not indicated for use by itself in type 1 diabetes. [1] [2] It is taken by mouth.
Use in pregnancy appears to be safe. [5] Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that decreases gastric acid secretion. [5] It works by inactivating (H+/K+)-ATPase function in the stomach. [9] [5] The study of pantoprazole began in 1985, and it came into medical use in Germany in 1994. [10] It is available as a generic medication.
With dose-dependent concentrations the half-life is about 12–13 hours, Tmax 1–2 hours and it is protein-bound, so the medication has a rapid absorption and minimal excretion by the kidney. [ 49 ] Dapagliflozin disposition is not evidently affected by body mass index (BMI) or body weight , therefore the pharmacokinetic findings are expected ...
The therapeutic window (or pharmaceutical window) of a drug is the range of drug dosages which can treat disease effectively without having toxic effects. [19] Medication with a small therapeutic window must be administered with care and control, frequently measuring blood concentration of the drug, to avoid harm.
Drug titration is the process of adjusting the dose of a medication for the maximum benefit without adverse effects. [ 1 ] When a drug has a narrow therapeutic index , titration is especially important, because the range between the dose at which a drug is effective and the dose at which side effects occur is small. [ 2 ]
GLP-1 agonists were developed initially for type 2 diabetes. [5] The 2022 American Diabetes Association (ADA) standards of medical care in diabetes include GLP-1 agonist or SGLT2 inhibitor as a first line pharmacological therapy for type 2 diabetes in patients who have or are at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or heart failure.
For the drugs administered by oral and dermal route, the units of threshold dose are mg/kg body-weight/day (dose of the drug in mg per body weight in kg per day) or ppm (parts per million), while the threshold dose of drugs by inhalation delivery has the unit of mg/L 6h/day (amount of drug in mg in 1L of air, for 6 hours per day).
Specialty professional organizations recommend that people take the lowest effective PPI dose to achieve the desired therapeutic result when used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease long-term. [ 19 ] [ 20 ] [ 21 ] In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has advised that over-the-counter PPIs, such as Prilosec OTC ...