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Most small engines use a governor to maintain a constant engine speed under varying loads. Some engines also have a mechanism for the user to adjust the engine speed. Rather than directly controlling the opening of the carburetor throttle, this is usually achieved by adjusting the governor, which in turn regulates the engine speed higher or lower.
Two-stroke engines which use crankcase compression do not require a crankcase ventilation system, since all of the gases within the crankcase are then fed into the combustion chamber. Many small four-stroke engines such as lawn mower engines and electricity generators simply use a draught tube connected to the intake system.
The most basic carbureted engines, such as single cylinder Briggs & Stratton lawn-mower engines, feature a single small throttle plate over a basic carburetor with a single venturi. The throttle is either open or closed (although there is always a small hole or other bypass to allow a small amount of air to flow through so the engine can idle ...
The Batten RE engine was designed by Rudy Sayn and Andy Schwartz of Batten Heads in Detroit, and followed the restrictions set out by Oldsmobile. The engine's cylinder head, block, and sump are all of aluminum alloy, with the sump also able to handle structural loads. The RE also has an unusual coolant distribution manifold.
In an overhead valve engine the tappets (on right) are sandwiched between pushrods and the camshaft. In an internal combustion engine, a tappet (also called a 'valve lifter' or 'cam follower') [3] [4] [5] is the component which converts the rotation of the camshaft into vertical motion to open and close an intake or exhaust valve.
Many modern engines automatically activate the glowplugs when the operator unlocks the vehicle or opens the door to the car, thus simplifying the process and shortening the waiting time the operator has to wait before the engine will start. In addition, the time needed to pre-heat the engine is typically 6-8 seconds. [2]
Large jet engines and gas turbines are started with a compressed air motor that is geared to one of the engine's driveshafts. Compressed air can be supplied from another engine, a unit on the ground or by the aircraft's APU. Small internal combustion engines are often started by pull cords.
The common valvetrain configurations for piston engines, in order from oldest to newest, are: Flathead engine: The camshaft and the valves are located in the engine block below the combustion chamber. Overhead valve engine: The camshaft remains in the block, however the valves are located in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber.