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Thin basement membrane disease (previously referred to as "benign familial hematuria") is, along with IgA nephropathy, the most common cause of hematuria without other symptoms. The only abnormal finding in this disease is a thinning of the basement membrane of the glomeruli in the kidneys.
The most common malignant renal parenchymal tumor is renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which accounts for 86% of the malignancies in the kidney. RCCs are typically isoechoic and peripherally located in the parenchyma, but can be both hypo- and hyper-echoic and are found centrally in medulla or sinus.
Metanephric adenoma (MA) is a rare, benign tumour of the kidney, that can have a microscopic appearance similar to a nephroblastoma (Wilms tumours), [1] or a papillary renal cell carcinoma. It should not be confused with the pathologically unrelated, yet similar sounding, mesonephric adenoma .
The surrounding renal parenchyma is more eosinophilic (pink) than the rather grey tumor stroma. Wilms' tumor has many causes, which can broadly be categorized as syndromic and non-syndromic. Syndromic causes of Wilms' tumor occur as a result of alterations to genes such as the Wilms Tumor 1 (WT1) or Wilms Tumor 2 (WT2) genes, and the tumor ...
Causes of chronic kidney disease include diabetes, high blood pressure, glomerulonephritis, and polycystic kidney disease. [5] [6] Risk factors include a family history of chronic kidney disease. [2] Diagnosis is by blood tests to measure the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and a urine test to measure albumin. [8]
Page kidney or Page phenomena is a potentially reversible form of secondary arterial hypertension caused by external compression of the renal parenchyma by some perirenal process. [1] Any process that causes mass effect can be a potential cause of Page kidney.
Most people with benign angiomyolipomas do not show signs or have symptoms. However, symptoms can occur if the dilated blood vessels in an angiomyolipoma rupture; this is called a retroperitoneal hemorrhage. This can cause pain in the back, nausea and vomiting. Some long-term effects are anemia, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease.
Acute kidney injury is diagnosed on the basis of clinical history and laboratory data. A diagnosis is made when there is a rapid reduction in kidney function, as measured by serum creatinine, or based on a rapid reduction in urine output, termed oliguria (less than 0.5 mL/kg/h for at least 6 hours). [20]