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  2. Contraction (grammar) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraction_(grammar)

    A contraction is a shortened version of the spoken and written forms of a word, syllable, or word group, created by omission of internal letters and sounds.. In linguistic analysis, contractions should not be confused with crasis, abbreviations and initialisms (including acronyms), with which they share some semantic and phonetic functions, though all three are connoted by the term ...

  3. Copula (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copula_(linguistics)

    In linguistics, a copula /‘kɑpjələ/ ( pl.: copulas or copulae; abbreviated cop) is a word or phrase that links the subject of a sentence to a subject complement, such as the word is in the sentence "The sky is blue" or the phrase was not being in the sentence "It was not being cooperative." The word copula derives from the Latin noun for a ...

  4. Wikipedia:List of English contractions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_English...

    you’dn’t’ve. you would not have / you wouldn’t have. you’ll. you shall / you will. you’re. you are. you’ve. you have. ^ Ain’t is used colloquially by some speakers as a substitute for a number of contractions, but is considered incorrect by others.

  5. Filler (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filler_(linguistics)

    In linguistics, a filler, filled pause, hesitation marker or planner (sometimes called crutches) is a sound or word that participants in a conversation use to signal that they are pausing to think but are not finished speaking. [ 1][ 2] These are not to be confused with placeholder names, such as thingamajig.

  6. Adposition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adposition

    A static meaning indicates only a location ("at the store", "behind the chair", "on the moon"). Some prepositions can have both uses: "he sat in the water" (static); "he jumped in the water" (probably directional). In some languages, the case of the complement varies depending on the meaning, as with several prepositions in German, such as in:

  7. Tagalog grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagalog_grammar

    Tagalog grammar (Tagalog: Balarilà ng Tagalog) are the rules that describe the structure of expressions in the Tagalog language, one of the languages in the Philippines . In Tagalog, there are nine parts of speech: nouns ( pangngalan ), pronouns ( panghalíp ), verbs ( pandiwà ), adverbs ( pang-abay ), adjectives ( pang-urì ), prepositions ...

  8. Madam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madam

    Madam. Madam ( / ˈmædəm / ), or madame ( / ˈmædəm / or / məˈdɑːm / ), [ 1] is a polite and formal form of address for women in the English language, often contracted to ma'am[ 2] (pronounced / ˈmæm / in American English [ 2] and this way but also / ˈmɑːm / in British English [ 3] ). The term derives from the French madame, from ...

  9. Hindustani grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_grammar

    Hindustani distinguishes two genders (masculine and feminine), two noun types ( count and non-count), two numbers (singular and plural), and three cases ( nominative, oblique, and vocative ). [ 7] Nouns may be further divided into two classes based on declension, called type-I, type-II, and type-III. The basic difference between the two ...