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  2. Mach number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mach_number

    The Mach number (M or Ma), often only Mach, (/ mɑːk /; German: [max]) is a dimensionless quantity in fluid dynamics representing the ratio of flow velocity past a boundary to the local speed of sound. [1][2] It is named after the Austrian physicist and philosopher Ernst Mach. where: M is the local Mach number, u is the local flow velocity ...

  3. Speed of sound - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_sound

    Speed of sound. The speed of sound is the distance travelled per unit of time by a sound wave as it propagates through an elastic medium. More simply, the speed of sound is how fast vibrations travel. At 20 °C (68 °F), the speed of sound in air is about 343 m/s (1,125 ft/s; 1,235 km/h; 767 mph; 667 kn), or 1 km in 2.91 s or one mile in 4.69 s.

  4. Dimensionless numbers in fluid mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimensionless_numbers_in...

    Dimensionless numbers (or characteristic numbers) have an important role in analyzing the behavior of fluids and their flow as well as in other transport phenomena. [1] They include the Reynolds and the Mach numbers, which describe as ratios the relative magnitude of fluid and physical system characteristics, such as density, viscosity, speed of sound, and flow speed.

  5. Ernst Mach - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Mach

    The Mach–Zehnder interferometeris named after his son Ludwig Mach, who was also a physicist. Ernst Waldfried Josef Wenzel Mach(/mɑːx/MAHKH; German:[ɛʁnstˈmax]; 18 February 1838 – 19 February 1916) was an Austrian physicistand philosopher, who contributed to the physics of shock waves. The ratio of the speed of a flow or object to that ...

  6. Hypersonic speed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypersonic_speed

    The subsonic speed range is that range of speeds within which, all of the airflow over an aircraft is less than Mach 1. The critical Mach number (Mcrit) is lowest free stream Mach number at which airflow over any part of the aircraft first reaches Mach 1. So the subsonic speed range includes all speeds that are less than Mcrit.

  7. Supersonic speed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supersonic_speed

    Supersonic speed is the speed of an object that exceeds the speed of sound (Mach 1). For objects traveling in dry air of a temperature of 20 °C (68 °F) at sea level, this speed is approximately 343.2 m/s (1,126 ft/s; 768 mph; 667.1 kn; 1,236 km/h). Speeds greater than five times the speed of sound (Mach 5) are often referred to as hypersonic.

  8. Machmeter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machmeter

    Mach number is more useful, and most high-speed aircraft are limited to a maximum operating Mach number, also known as M MO. For example, if the M MO is Mach 0.83, then at 9,100 m (30,000 ft) where the speed of sound under standard conditions is 1,093 kilometres per hour (590 kn), the true airspeed at M MO is 906 kilometres per hour (489 kn).

  9. Drag-divergence Mach number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drag-divergence_Mach_number

    Drag-divergence Mach number. The drag-divergence Mach number (not to be confused with critical Mach number) is the Mach number at which the aerodynamic drag on an airfoil or airframe begins to increase rapidly as the Mach number continues to increase. [1] This increase can cause the drag coefficient to rise to more than ten times its low-speed ...

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