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New models of the structure of the atom led to developments in theories of chemistry and the development of new materials such as nylon and plastics. Advances in biology led to large increases in food production, as well as the elimination of diseases such as polio. A massive amount of new technologies were developed in the 20th century.
The Scientific Revolution was a series of events that marked the emergence of modern science during the early modern period, when developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology (including human anatomy) and chemistry transformed the views of society about nature.
As with Haldane and Fisher, Dobzhansky's "evolutionary genetics" [59] was a genuine science, now unifying cell biology, genetics, and both micro and macroevolution. [44] His work emphasized that real-world populations had far more genetic variability than the early population geneticists had assumed in their models and that genetically distinct ...
A science writer provides an overview of "the nascent industry of AI-designed drugs". [395] A new class of antibiotic candidates, able to kill methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is identified using explainable deep learning. [396] [397] The first successful transplant of a functional cryopreserved mammalian kidney is reported ...
Note: René Haüy discovered that emeralds and beryls crystals are geometrically identical. He asked Vauquelin for a chemical analysis, and so Vauquelin found a new "earth" (beryllium oxide). Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1742 –1786), discovery of oxygen with Priestley; identification of molybdenum, tungsten, barium, hydrogen, and chlorine.
The history of biology traces the study of the living world from ancient to modern times. Although the concept of biology as a single coherent field arose in the 19th century, the biological sciences emerged from traditions of medicine and natural history reaching back to Ayurveda, ancient Egyptian medicine and the works of Aristotle, Theophrastus and Galen in the ancient Greco-Roman world.
A portrait of Whiston with a diagram demonstrating his theories of cometary catastrophism best described in A New Theory of the Earth. It was not until the 17th century that geology made great strides in its development. At this time, geology became its own entity in the world of natural science.
With an emphasis of discoveries in the fields of astronomy, physics, chemistry, medicine, biology, geology, paleontology, and archaeology, United States citizens acclaimed in their professions have contributed much.