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This lists the character tables for the more common molecular point groups used in the study of molecular symmetry. These tables are based on the group-theoretical treatment of the symmetry operations present in common molecules, and are useful in molecular spectroscopy and quantum chemistry. Information regarding the use of the tables, as well ...
The irreducible complex characters of a finite group form a character table which encodes much useful information about the group G in a concise form. Each row is labelled by an irreducible character and the entries in the row are the values of that character on any representative of the respective conjugacy class of G (because characters are class functions).
Robert Mulliken was the first to publish character tables in English (1933), and E. Bright Wilson used them in 1934 to predict the symmetry of vibrational normal modes. [13]. For this reason, the notation used to label irreps in the above table is called Mulliken notation and for asymmetric groups it consists of letters A and B with subscripts ...
In Schoenflies notation, point groups are denoted by a letter symbol with a subscript. The symbols used in crystallography mean the following: C n (for cyclic) indicates that the group has an n-fold rotation axis.
The column "# of order 2 elements" in the following tables shows the total number of isometry subgroups of types C 2, C i, C s. This total number is one of the characteristics helping to distinguish the various abstract group types, while their isometry type helps to distinguish the various isometry groups of the same abstract group.
V is the symmetry group of this cross: flipping it horizontally (a) or vertically (b) or both (ab) leaves it unchanged.A quarter-turn changes it. In two dimensions, the Klein four-group is the symmetry group of a rhombus and of rectangles that are not squares, the four elements being the identity, the vertical reflection, the horizontal reflection, and a 180° rotation.
The ATLAS of Finite Groups, often simply known as the ATLAS, is a group theory book by John Horton Conway, Robert Turner Curtis, Simon Phillips Norton, Richard Alan Parker and Robert Arnott Wilson (with computational assistance from J. G. Thackray), published in December 1985 by Oxford University Press and reprinted with corrections in 2003 (ISBN 978-0-19-853199-9).
From the right side of the character table, the non-vibrational degrees of freedom, rotational (R x and R y) and translational (x, y, and z), are subtracted: Γ vib = Γ 3N - Γ rot - Γ trans. This yields the Γ vib, which is used to find the correct normal modes from the original symmetry, which is either C ∞v or D ∞h, using the ...