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The history of Indonesia has been shaped by its geographic position, natural resources, a series of human migrations and contacts, wars and conquests, as well as by trade, economics and politics. Indonesia is an archipelagic country of 17,000 to 18,000 islands stretching along the equator in Southeast Asia and Oceania .
The Republic of Indonesia ratified the convention on 6 June 1989, making its historical sites eligible for inclusion on the list. [3] As of 2023, there are ten World Heritage Sites in Indonesia, six of which are cultural and four are natural. This means Indonesia possesses the highest number of sites in Southeast Asia. [4]
Indonesia is the world's largest producer of palm oil [190] Morowali Industrial Park hosting primarily nickel-related industries in Morowali Regency, Central Sulawesi. Indonesia is the world's largest producer of nickel [191] Indonesia operates a mixed economy where both the private sector and the government play significant roles. [192]
Java [a] is one of the islands in Indonesia.It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north. With a population of 153.8 million people, Java is the world's most populous island, home to approximately 54% of the Indonesian population. [2]
Cultural properties of Indonesia are those items defined by Indonesian law as of "important value for history, science, and culture", and include both man-made artefacts and natural objects. [1] The cultural properties number more than 8,000 and include ancient Hindu and Buddhist temples , mosques , historic colonial buildings , forts , art ...
The archaeology of Indonesia is the study of the archaeology of the archipelagic realm that today forms the nation of Indonesia, stretching from prehistory through almost two millennia of documented history.
To the south and east are islands of Indonesia: Java and Sulawesi, respectively. To the northeast are the Philippine Islands. With an area of 743,330 square kilometres (287,000 sq mi), it is the third-largest island in the world, and is the largest island of Asia (the largest continent).
While significant details about the history of Majapahit remain vague, [11]: 18 this period of Javanese history is the more comprehensively documented than any other. The most reliable written sources for this period are Old Javanese inscriptions on stone and metal, which are contemporary with the events they describe.