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A kidney can be removed through an open incision or by laparoscopic surgery. For the open procedure, the surgeon makes an incision in the side of the abdomen to reach the kidney. Depending on circumstances, the incision can also be made midline. The ureter and blood vessels are disconnected, and the kidney is then removed. The laparoscopic ...
Hemodialysis, also spelled haemodialysis, or simply dialysis, is a process of filtering the blood of a person whose kidneys are not working normally. This type of dialysis achieves the extracorporeal removal of waste products such as creatinine and urea and free water from the blood when the kidneys are in a state of kidney failure.
Kidney disease is the ninth leading cause of death, and the U.S. has one of the highest mortality rates for dialysis care in the industrialized world. The rate of patients getting kidney transplants has been lower than expected. These outcomes have been blamed on a new for-profit dialysis industry responding to government payment policies.
Side effects of midodrine include hypertension (high blood pressure), paresthesia, itching, goosebumps, chills, urinary urgency, urinary retention, and urinary frequency. [3] Midodrine is a prodrug of its active metabolite desglymidodrine. [3] [1] This metabolite acts as a selective agonist of the α 1-adrenergic receptor.
Organ transplantation is a medical procedure in which an organ is removed from one body and placed in the body of a recipient, to replace a damaged or missing organ. The donor and recipient may be at the same location, or organs may be transported from a donor site to another location.
Adverse effects, like therapeutic effects of drugs, are a function of dosage or drug levels at the target organs, so they may be avoided or decreased by means of careful and precise pharmacokinetics, the change of drug levels in the organism in function of time after administration. Adverse effects may also be caused by drug interaction. This ...
Side effects of medications: Immunosuppressive drugs used to prevent rejection can have side effects such as increased risk of infections, diabetes, high blood pressure, osteoporosis, and others. Surgical complications: These can include bleeding, blood clots, and damage to nearby organs during the surgery.
[1] [2] It is used to remove excess fluid, correct electrolyte problems, and remove toxins in those with kidney failure. [3] Peritoneal dialysis has better outcomes than hemodialysis during the first two years. [4] Other benefits include greater flexibility and better tolerability in those with significant heart disease. [4]