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Multiple sclerosis can be pathologically defined as the presence of distributed glial scars (or sclerosis) in the central nervous system disseminated in time (DIT) and space (DIS). [2] The gold standard for MS diagnosis is pathological correlation, though given its limited availability, other diagnosis methods are normally used. [ 3 ]
The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) has been shown to be directly present in the brain of most cases of MS and the virus is transcriptionally active in infected cells. [57] [58] EBV nuclear antigens are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, but not all people with MS have signs of EBV infection. [15]
Multiple sclerosis: Multiple sclerosis, a demyelinating disease, is associated with Epstein-Barr virus [80] (and strongly associated with certain genetic variants of this virus), [81] human herpesvirus 6, [82] varicella zoster virus, [83] and the bacterium Chlamydia pneumoniae. [84] Myocardial infarction
Infectious mononucleosis (IM, mono), also known as glandular fever, is an infection usually caused by the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). [2] [3] Most people are infected by the virus as children, when the disease produces few or no symptoms. [2] In young adults, the disease often results in fever, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, and ...
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) Is associated with Guillain–Barré syndrome, cranial mononeuropathies, focal encephalitis, and myelitis; Is considered the leading viral candidate for causing multiple sclerosis [8] Human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV-6) and Human herpesvirus type 7 (HHV-7) Have not been linked to human nervous system disease
Steinman's research has focused on how the immune system attacks the brain, specifically in cases of multiple sclerosis (MS), motor neuron disease (ALS), and neuromyelitis optica (NMO). [2] He discovered the target for the first approved MS therapy using a monoclonal antibody and his work has elucidated how the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) triggers MS.
This photomicrograph depicts leukemia cells that contain Epstein–Barr virus using a FA staining technique. Epstein–Barr virus, EBV, is a member of the Herpesvirus family, and is one of the most common human viruses. When infection with EBV occurs during adolescence or young adulthood, it causes infectious mononucleosis 35% to 50% of the time.
There is also increasingly more evidence that EBV may be a trigger of multiple sclerosis. [3] It is a dual-tropic virus, meaning that it infects two different host cell types — in this case, both B cells and epithelial cells. One challenge is that the Epstein–Barr virus expresses very different proteins during its lytic and its latent phases.
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