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Memantine was shown in a study to act as an agonist at the dopamine D 2 high receptor with equal or slightly higher affinity than to the NMDA receptors. [41] However, the relevance of this action may be negligible, as studies have shown very low affinity for binding to D 2 receptors in general. [42]
Dopamine, sold under the brand name Intropin among others, is a medication most commonly used in the treatment of very low blood pressure, a slow heart rate that is causing symptoms, and, if epinephrine is not available, cardiac arrest. [4] In newborn babies it continues to be the preferred treatment for very low blood pressure. [5]
Dopamine therapy is the regulation of levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine through the use of either agonists, or antagonists; and has been used in the treatment of disorders characterized by a dopamine imbalance. Dopamine replacement therapy (DRT) is an effective treatment for patients with decreased levels of dopamine.
Cabergoline, sold under the brand name Dostinex among others, is a dopaminergic medication used in the treatment of high prolactin levels, prolactinomas, Parkinson's disease, and for other indications. [2] It is taken by mouth. Cabergoline is an ergot derivative and a potent dopamine D 2 receptor agonist. [3]
However, it does act as a high affinity antagonist of the histamine H 1 receptor [24] and is a low to moderate affinity antagonist of the dopamine D 2, serotonin 5-HT 2, and α 1-adrenergic receptors. [3] [23] H 1 receptor antagonism accounts for its antihistamine effects and associated sedative side effects.
Drug titration is the process of adjusting the dose of a medication for the maximum benefit without adverse effects. [ 1 ] When a drug has a narrow therapeutic index , titration is especially important, because the range between the dose at which a drug is effective and the dose at which side effects occur is small. [ 2 ]
[119] [120] [121] Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs), like methylphenidate and bupropion, are also considered to be safe in combination with MAOIs. [122] However, initiation at low doses and slow upward dose titration is advisable in the case of both NRIs and NDRIs due to possible potentiation of their effects and side ...
Although it has been estimated that a single 300 mg dose of moclobemide inhibits 80% of monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) and 20-30% of MAO-B, [100] studies evaluating brain occupancy of MAO-A enzymes have shown dosages of 600 mg to only inhibit 74% of MAO-A enzymes [101] and dosages in the 900–1200 mg range to inhibit slightly less MAO-A than ...