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The most common calcium compound on Earth is calcium carbonate, found in limestone and the fossilized remnants of early sea life; gypsum, anhydrite, fluorite, and apatite are also sources of calcium. The name derives from Latin calx " lime ", which was obtained from heating limestone.
The calcium cycle is a transfer of calcium between dissolved and solid phases. There is a continuous supply of calcium ions into waterways from rocks, organisms, and soils. [1] [2] Calcium ions are consumed and removed from aqueous environments as they react to form insoluble structures such as calcium carbonate and calcium silicate, [1] [3] which can deposit to form sediments or the ...
It is the raw material for the manufacture of quicklime (calcium oxide), slaked lime (calcium hydroxide), cement and mortar. [59] Pulverized limestone is used as a soil conditioner to neutralize acidic soils (agricultural lime). [115] Is crushed for use as aggregate—the solid base for many roads as well as in asphalt concrete. [59]
Calcium is a binding agent in Roman concrete, which makes it remarkably strong. Figuring out where it came from was the key to solving this architectural mystery.
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Calcium has the ability to migrate relatively easily between the hydrosphere, the biosphere, and the crust of the Earth. [ 49 ] Calcium and bicarbonate ions are largely deposited into the ocean from the weathering of rock formations and are transported via riverine input.
The Earth's crust is one "reservoir" for measurements of abundance. A reservoir is any large body to be studied as unit, like the ocean, atmosphere, mantle or crust. Different reservoirs may have different relative amounts of each element due to different chemical or mechanical processes involved in the creation of the reservoir.
In their chronology for Earth, Hazen et al. (2008) separated the changes in mineral abundance into three broad intervals: planetary accretion up to 4.55 Ga (billion years ago); reworking of Earth's crust and mantle between 4.55 Ga and 2.5 Ga; and biological influences after 2.5 Ga. [1] [12] They further divided the ages into 10 intervals, some ...