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Penal labour is a term for various kinds of forced labour [1] that prisoners are required to perform, typically manual labour. The work may be light or hard, depending on the context. [ 2 ] Forms of sentence involving penal labour have included involuntary servitude , penal servitude , and imprisonment with hard labour .
Prison labor is legal under the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which prohibits slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. [1] Prison labor in the U.S. generates significant economic output. [2] Incarcerated workers provide services valued at $9 billion annually and produce over $2 billion in goods.
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California Digital Library listofprisonlabor00libr (User talk:Fæ/IA books#Fork20) (batch #79888) File usage No pages on the English Wikipedia use this file (pages on other projects are not listed).
Although prison manufacturing was initially focused on began manufacturing goods intended for use within the prison, such as uniforms and buckets, that practiced changed in 1821 when a prison warden, Elam Lynds, took over the prison and used prison labor to produce goods to sell on the market.
A prison farm (also known as a penal farm) is a large correctional facility where penal labor convicts work — legally or illegally — on a farm (in the wide sense of a productive unit), usually for manual labor, largely in the open air, such as in agriculture, logging, quarrying, and mining.
Proposition 6 asks California voters to amend the state Constitution to ban involuntary servitude, which would end forced labor in state prisons.
Paid prison labour is the participation of convicted prisoners in either voluntary or mandatory paid work programs. While in prison, inmates are expected to work in areas such as industry, institutional maintenance , service tasks and agriculture. [ 1 ]