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Aerogel contains particles that are 2–5 nm in diameter. After the process of creating aerogel, it will contain a large amount of hydroxyl groups on the surface. The hydroxyl groups can cause a strong reaction when the aerogel is placed in water, causing it to catastrophically dissolve in the water.
Graphene aerogels have a Young's modulus on the order of 50 MPa. [7] They can be compressed elastically to strain values >50%. [6] The stiffness and compressibility of graphene aerogels can be attributed in part to the strong sp 2 bonding of graphene and the π-π interaction between carbon sheets.
They include silica aerogels, carbon nanotube aerogels, aero graphite, metallic foams, polymeric foams, and metallic micro lattices. [1] Ultralight materials are produced to have the strength of bulk-scaled properties at a micro-size. Also, they are designed to not compress even under extreme pressure, which show that they are stiff and strong. [2]
Aerogel is a low-density solid-state material derived from gel in which the liquid component of the gel has been replaced with gas. The result is an extremely low density solid with several remarkable properties, most notably its effectiveness as a thermal insulator. It is also very strong structurally, able to hold over 2000 times its own weight.
The aerogel sheets have a density of ≈1.5 mg/cm 3, an areal density of 1-3 μg/cm 2, and a thickness of ≈20 μm. The thickness is decreased to ≈50 nm by liquid-based densification to decrease the volume. The aerogel sheets can be stretched as much as three times along the width while low-modulus rubber like behavior is remained.
Aerogels are able to fill large volumes with minimal material yielding special properties such as low density and low thermal conductivity. These aerogels tend to have internal structures categorized as open or closed cell structures, [17] the same cell structure that is used to define many 3-dimensional honeycomb biofoams. Aerogels are also ...
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Aerogels don't float in ambient conditions, however, because air fills the pores of an aerogel's microstructure, so the apparent density of the aerogel is the sum of the densities of the aerogel material and the air contained within.
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