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  2. Monty Hall problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monty_Hall_problem

    If the car is behind door 2 – with the player having picked door 1 – the host must open door 3, such the probability that the car is behind door 2 and the host opens door 3 is ⁠ 1 / 3 ⁠ × 1 = ⁠ 1 / 3 ⁠. These are the only cases where the host opens door 3, so if the player has picked door 1 and the host opens door 3, the car is ...

  3. Trapdoor function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trapdoor_function

    A trapdoor function is a collection of one-way functions { f k : D k → R k} (k ∈ K), in which all of K, D k, R k are subsets of binary strings {0, 1} *, satisfying the following conditions:

  4. Discrete-event simulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete-event_simulation

    The use of pseudo-random numbers as opposed to true random numbers is a benefit should a simulation need a rerun with exactly the same behavior. One of the problems with the random number distributions used in discrete-event simulation is that the steady-state distributions of event times may not be known in advance.

  5. Linear congruential generator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_congruential_generator

    The second row is the same generator with a seed of 3, which produces a cycle of length 2. Using a = 4 and c = 1 (bottom row) gives a cycle length of 9 with any seed in [0, 8]. A linear congruential generator (LCG) is an algorithm that yields a sequence of pseudo-randomized numbers calculated with a discontinuous piecewise linear equation.

  6. SourceForge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SourceForge

    SourceForge is a web service founded by Geoffrey B. Jeffery, Tim Perdue, and Drew Streib in November 1999. The software provides a centralized online platform for managing and hosting open-source software projects, and a directory for comparing and reviewing business software that lists over 101,600 business software titles.

  7. Dual_EC_DRBG - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual_EC_DRBG

    Berry Schoenmakers and Andrey Sidorenko publish a Cryptanalysis of the Dual Elliptic Curve Pseudorandom Generator, showing that empirically the output from Dual_EC_DRBG can be distinguished from random bits, concluding that Dual_EC_DRBG is insecure as a CSPRNG. Note that this is a separate problem from the backdoor.

  8. Rolling code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_code

    An attacker may be able to learn the code word that opened the door just now, but the receiver will not accept that code word for the foreseeable future. A rolling code system uses cryptographic methods that allow the remote control and the receiver to share codewords but make it difficult for an attacker to break the cryptography.

  9. DOORS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational_DOORS

    IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS (Dynamic Object Oriented Requirements System) (formerly Telelogic DOORS, then Rational DOORS) is a requirements management tool. [4] It is a client–server application, with a Windows-only client and servers for Linux, Windows, and Solaris. There is also a web client, DOORS Web Access.