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  2. Chirality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality

    A chiral molecule is a type of molecule that has a non-superposable mirror image. The feature that is most often the cause of chirality in molecules is the presence of an asymmetric carbon atom. [16] [17] The term "chiral" in general is used to describe the object that is non-superposable on its mirror image. [18]

  3. Chirality timeline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality_timeline

    In nature, molecules with chirality include hormones, DNA, antibodies, and enzymes. For example, (R)-limonene smells like oranges, while (S)-limonene smells like lemons. Both molecules have the same chemical formula, but their spatial orientations are different, which makes a big difference in their biological properties.

  4. Chirality (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality_(chemistry)

    For example, a common case is a tetrahedral carbon bonded to four distinct groups a, b, c, and d (Cabcd), where swapping any two groups (e.g., Cbacd) leads to a stereoisomer of the original, so the central C is a stereocenter. Many chiral molecules have point chirality, namely a single chiral stereogenic center that coincides with an atom.

  5. Tetrose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrose

    Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase is the sixth enzyme used in the glycolysis pathway, and its function is to convert glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate into 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. [6] This tetrose diphosphate molecule inhibits the G3P dehydrogenase from performing catalysis because it oxidizes the enzyme by binding to it at the active site. [ 7 ]

  6. Chiral analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiral_analysis

    For chiral examination there is a need to have the right chiral environment. This could be provided as a plane polarized light, an additional chiral compound or by exploiting the inborn chirality of nature. The chiral analytical strategies incorporate physical, biological, and separation science techniques.

  7. Glyceraldehyde - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glyceraldehyde

    Glyceraldehyde has one chiral center and therefore exists as two different enantiomers with opposite optical rotation: In the D/L nomenclature, either D from Latin Dexter meaning "right", or L from Latin Laevo meaning "left" In the R/S nomenclature, either R from Latin Rectus meaning "right", or S from Latin Sinister meaning "left"

  8. Chiral media - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiral_media

    Any planar pattern that does not have a line of mirror symmetry is 2d-chiral, and examples include flat spirals and letters such as S, G, P. In contrast to 3d-chiral objects, the perceived sense of twist of 2d-chiral patterns is reversed for opposite directions of observation.

  9. Hexose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexose

    Besides the 2-ketoses, there are only the 3-Ketoses, and they do not exist in nature, although at least one 3-ketohexose has been synthesized, with great difficulty. In the linear form, the 2-ketohexoses have three chiral centers and therefore eight possible stereoisomers (2 3), comprising four pairs of