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In 286, the empire was split into two halves, each with its own emperor and court. The empire was further divided into four regions in 293, beginning the Tetrarchy. [13] By this time, Rome itself was reduced to a symbolic status, as emperors ruled from different cities.
The vast Roman territories were organized into senatorial provinces, governed by proconsuls who were appointed by lot annually, and imperial provinces, which belonged to the emperor but were governed by legates. [19] The first two centuries of the Empire saw a period of unprecedented stability and prosperity known as the Pax Romana (lit.
The terms Western Roman Empire and Eastern Roman Empire were coined in modern times to describe political entities that were de facto independent; contemporary Romans did not consider the Empire to have been split into two empires but viewed it as a single polity governed by two imperial courts for administrative expediency.
In terms of regional jurisdiction there was no precise division among the four tetrarchs, and this period did not see the Roman state actually split up into four distinct sub-empires. Each emperor had his zone of influence within the Roman Empire, but little more, mainly high command in a 'war theater'.
For a short period, the Empire split into a Gallic Empire in the West (260–274), a Palmyrene Empire in the East (260–273), and a central Roman rump state; in 271, Rome abandoned the province of Dacia on the north of the Danube.
Historically speaking, the empire can be divided in two parts: the Western Roman Empire, which lasted until 476 A.D. (after the fall of the last emperor, Romulus Augustulus) and the Eastern Roman ...
Claudius annexed Lycia into the Empire as a province. AD 46: The Odrysian king Rhoemetalces III, a Roman client, was killed by anti-Roman insurgents. Odrysia was incorporated into the Empire as the province of Thracia. AD 48: Claudius's wife Messalina was executed for conspiracy. Claudius appointed Herod Agrippa's son Herod Agrippa II king of ...
The empire ruled by the Romans may long since have declined and fallen; its monuments crumbled into ruin; its language evolved to become Spanish, Italian, and French; but its memory remains a ...