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Respiratory sounds, also known as lung sounds or breath sounds, are the specific sounds generated by the movement of air through the respiratory system. [1] These may be easily audible or identified through auscultation of the respiratory system through the lung fields with a stethoscope as well as from the spectral characteristics of lung sounds. [2]
The hiccup is an involuntary action involving a reflex arc. [1] Once triggered, the reflex causes a strong contraction of the diaphragm followed about a quarter of a second later by closure of the epiglottis [citation needed], a structure inside of the throat, which results in the "hic" sound. Hiccups may occur individually, or they may occur ...
The following are the non-pulmonic consonants.They are sounds whose airflow is not dependent on the lungs. These include clicks (found in the Khoisan languages and some neighboring Bantu languages of Africa), implosives (found in languages such as Sindhi, Hausa, Swahili and Vietnamese), and ejectives (found in many Amerindian and Caucasian languages).
The hiccup is one of medicine's remaining mysteries. Remedies include breathing into a paper bag, sipping cold water, gargling or biting a lemon. How to get rid of hiccups: What causes hiccups and ...
Certain medications may also cause cause hiccup episodes, says Adamian. These include benzodiazepines, corticosteroids and chemotherapy drugs. Persistent hiccups may be a sign of a more serious ...
Hiccups are a kind of myoclonic jerk specifically affecting the diaphragm. When a spasm is caused by another person it is known as a provoked spasm. Shuddering attacks in babies fall in this category. Myoclonic jerks may occur alone or in sequence, in a pattern or without pattern. They may occur infrequently or many times each minute.
Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), also known as surfactant deficiency disorder (SDD), [2] and previously called hyaline membrane disease (HMD), is a syndrome in premature infants caused by developmental insufficiency of pulmonary surfactant production and structural immaturity in the lungs.
Treatment options depend on the nature of an individual's post-nasal drip and its cause. Antibiotics may be prescribed if the PND is the result of bacterial sinusitis. [ 8 ] In cases where PND is caused by allergic rhinitis or irritant rhinitis, avoidance of allergens or irritating factors such as dander, cigarette smoke, and cleaning supplies ...