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Erb's palsy is a paralysis of the arm caused by injury to the upper group of the arm's main nerves, specifically the severing of the upper trunk C5–C6 nerves. These form part of the brachial plexus, comprising the ventral rami of spinal nerves C5–C8 and thoracic nerve T1.
Most commonly, improper use of forceps during delivery [18] or falling on the neck at an angle causes upper plexus lesions leading to Erb's palsy. [7] This type of injury produces a very characteristic sign called Waiter's tip deformity due to loss of the lateral rotators of the shoulder, arm flexors, and hand extensor muscles. [2] [13]
The first step is simply to rest and modify daily activities that aggravate the symptoms. Patients may be prescribed anti-inflammatory drugs, Physical or Occupational therapy, splints for the elbow and wrists, and corticosteroid injections as well. [8] This is the most common treatment for CTS.
Klumpke's paralysis is a variety of partial palsy of the lower roots of the brachial plexus. [1] [2] The brachial plexus is a network of spinal nerves that originates in the back of the neck, extends through the axilla (armpit), and gives rise to nerves to the upper limb.
Common symptoms associated with monoplegic patients are weakness, numbness, and pain in the affected limb. Monoplegia is a type of paralysis that falls under hemiplegia . While hemiplegia is paralysis of half of the body, monoplegia is localized to a single limb or to a specific region of the body.
Its symptoms include pain, tingling, numbness and muscle weakness. The symptoms affect just one particular part of the body, depending on which nerve is affected. The diagnosis is largely clinical and can be confirmed with diagnostic nerve blocks. Occasionally imaging and electrophysiology studies aid in the diagnosis. Timely diagnosis is ...
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The right shoulder and arm muscles are more often affected than the left upper extremity muscles, independent of handedness. [23]: 139 [24] [25] [26] Otherwise, neither side of the body is at more risk. Classically, symptoms appear in those 15–30 years of age, although adult onset can also occur. [4]
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