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In biology, co-adaptation is the process by which two or more species, genes or phenotypic traits undergo adaptation as a pair or group. This occurs when two or more interacting characteristics undergo natural selection together in response to the same selective pressure or when selective pressures alter one characteristic and consecutively alter the interactive characteristic.
Diaminopimelic acid (DAP) is an amino acid, representing an epsilon-carboxy derivative of lysine. meso -α,ε-Diaminopimelic acid is the last intermediate in the biosynthesis of lysine and undergoes decarboxylation by diaminopimelate decarboxylase to give the final product.
CLC proteins can either be ion channels or anion-proton exchangers, so CLC-1 and CLC-2 are membrane chloride channels, while CLC-3 through CLC-7 are chloride-hydrogen exchangers. [48] CLC-4 is a member of the CLC family that is prominent in the brain, but is also located in the liver, kidneys, heart, skeletal muscle, and intestine.
Waddington used the concept of canalisation to explain his experiments on genetic assimilation. [3] In these experiments, he exposed Drosophila pupae to heat shock. This environmental disturbance caused some flies to develop a crossveinless phenotype.
Diammonium phosphate (DAP; IUPAC name diammonium hydrogen phosphate; chemical formula (NH 4) 2 (HPO 4)) is one of a series of water-soluble ammonium phosphate salts that can be produced when ammonia reacts with phosphoric acid. Solid diammonium phosphate shows a dissociation pressure of ammonia as given by the following expression and equation: [2]
In evolutionary biology, function is the reason some object or process occurred in a system that evolved through natural selection.That reason is typically that it achieves some result, such as that chlorophyll helps to capture the energy of sunlight in photosynthesis.
The term "homology" was first used in biology by the anatomist Richard Owen in 1843 when studying the similarities of vertebrate fins and limbs, defining it as the "same organ in different animals under every variety of form and function", [6] and contrasting it with the matching term "analogy" which he used to describe different structures ...
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP, also glycerone phosphate in older texts) is the anion with the formula HOCH 2 C(O)CH 2 OPO 3 2-. This anion is involved in many metabolic pathways, including the Calvin cycle in plants and glycolysis. [1] [2] It is the phosphate ester of dihydroxyacetone.