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  2. Free market - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_market

    A free market does not directly require the existence of competition; however, it does require a framework that freely allows new market entrants. Hence, competition in a free market is a consequence of the conditions of a free market, including that market participants not be obstructed from following their profit motive.

  3. Free price system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_price_system

    A diagram presenting the argument for free prices. In a free price system, prices are not set by any agency or institution. Instead, they are determined in a decentralized fashion by trades that occur as a result of sellers' asking prices matching buyers' bid prices arising from subjective value judgement in a market economy.

  4. Fundamental theorems of welfare economics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_theorems_of...

    With such a definition it is almost self-evident that this so-called maximum obtains under free competition, because if, after an exchange is effected, it were possible by means of a further series of direct or indirect exchanges to produce an additional satisfaction of needs for the participators, then to that extent such a continued exchange ...

  5. Pareto efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_efficiency

    According to the definition of market failure, it is a circumstance in which the conclusion of the first fundamental theorem of welfare is erroneous; that is, when the allocations made through markets are not efficient. [19] In a free market, market failure is defined as an inefficient allocation of resources.

  6. Advanced Placement exams - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Placement_exams

    AP exams (with few exceptions [1]) have a multiple-choice section and a free-response section. AP Studio Art requires students to submit a portfolio for review. AP Computer Science Principles requires students to complete the Create task, which is part of the AP grade for the class. AP exams were taken by subject in 2013.

  7. Fair trade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fair_trade

    Critics cite the example of farmers in Vietnam being paid a premium over the world market price in the 1980s, planting much coffee, then flooding the world market in the 1990s. The fair trade minimum price means that when the world market price collapses, it is the non-fair trade farmers, particularly the poorest, who have to cut down their ...

  8. AP Psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AP_Psychology

    Advanced Placement (AP) Psychology (also known as AP Psych) and its corresponding exam are part of the College Board's Advanced Placement Program. This course is tailored for students interested in the field of psychology and as an opportunity to earn Advanced Placement credit or exemption from a college -level psychology course.

  9. Benchmark price - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benchmark_price

    An example is the benchmark prices that apply to crude oil in the international marketplace. It is not mandatory for exporting countries or importing countries to use the benchmark price as international trade is based on favourable prices. The benchmark price is often the most important consideration when determining export prices.