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The x86 instruction set has several times been extended with SIMD (Single instruction, multiple data) instruction set extensions.These extensions, starting from the MMX instruction set extension introduced with Pentium MMX in 1997, typically define sets of wide registers and instructions that subdivide these registers into fixed-size lanes and perform a computation for each lane in parallel.
Intel's first IA-32 SIMD effort was the MMX instruction set. MMX had two main problems: it re-used existing x87 floating-point registers making the CPUs unable to work on both floating-point and SIMD data at the same time, and it only worked on integers. SSE floating-point instructions operate on a new independent register set, the XMM ...
However, hardware support for accelerated 16-bit floating point was later dropped by Nvidia before being reintroduced in the Tegra X1 mobile GPU in 2015. The F16C extension in 2012 allows x86 processors to convert half-precision floats to and from single-precision floats with a machine instruction.
Larger scale commercial SIMD processors are available from ClearSpeed Technology, Ltd. and Stream Processors, Inc. ClearSpeed's CSX600 (2004) has 96 cores each with two double-precision floating point units while the CSX700 (2008) has
The SSE2 also complements the floating-point vector operations of the SSE instruction set by adding support for the double precision data type. Other SSE2 extensions include a set of cache control instructions intended primarily to minimize cache pollution when processing infinite streams of information, and a sophisticated complement of ...
The x86 instruction set refers to the set of instructions that x86-compatible microprocessors support. The instructions are usually part of an executable program, often stored as a computer file and executed on the processor. The x86 instruction set has been extended several times, introducing wider registers and datatypes as well as new ...
The instructions are abbreviations for "vector convert packed half to packed single" and vice versa: VCVTPH2PS xmmreg,xmmrm64 – convert four half-precision floating point values in memory or the bottom half of an XMM register to four single-precision floating-point values in an XMM register.
An extension of the earlier F16C instruction set, adding comprehensive support for the binary16 floating-point numbers (also known as FP16, float16 or half-precision floating-point numbers). The new instructions implement most operations that were previously available for single and double -precision floating-point numbers and also introduce ...