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Scholars differ on which version is the most reliable between 2 Maccabees, 1 Maccabees, and Josephus. [ 44 ] [ 45 ] [ 46 ] The detail that Antiochus personally entered the Jewish temple is corroborated in the non-Jewish history of Diodorus Siculus , suggesting that his profaning of the Temple was notable even to pagan audiences.
[74] 2 Maccabees is found in the 5th century Codex Alexandrinus which includes all of 1, 2, 3, and 4 Maccabees, as well as the 8th century Codex Venetus. 2 Maccabees is missing from the Codex Vaticanus (which lacks any of the books of Maccabees) and the Codex Sinaiticus (which includes 1 and 4 Maccabees, but neither 2 nor 3 Maccabees). [75]
Other versions of the story are found in 4 Maccabees (which suggests that the woman might have thrown herself into the flames, 17:1) and Josippon (which says she fell dead on her sons' corpses [2]). The Josippon version of the story probably was paraphrased from a Latin version of 2 Maccabees, and was notable as the first major exposure of ...
Danielis caput 14: Daniel chapter 14: The History of the Destruction of Bel and the Dragon Prayer of Manasses: Oratio Manassae regis: Prayer of Manasses: The Prayer of Manasses King of Juda when he was holden captive in Babylon 1 Maccabees: 1 Machabaeorum: 1 Machabees: The First Book of the Maccabees 2 Maccabees: 2 Machabaeorum: 2 Machabees
[75] 2 Maccabees also represents an attempt to take the cause of the Maccabees outside Judea, as it encourages Egyptian Jews and other diaspora Jews to celebrate the cleansing of the temple (Hanukkah) and revere Judas Maccabeus. [75] [69] In general, 2 Maccabees portrays the prospects of peace and cooperation more positively than 1 Maccabees ...
The intercession of the dead for the living is shown in 2 Maccabees 15:14–17; an intercession on behalf of Israel by the late high priest Onias III plus that of Jeremiah, the prophet who died almost 400 years earlier.
Some readers of 2 Maccabees suggest that they can determine the "original" five parts that correspond to Jason's five volumes; the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia proposed the parts may be divided by verses 3:40, 7:42, 10:9, 13:26, and 15:37.
3 Maccabees is somewhat similar to the Book of Esther, another book which describes how a king is advised to annihilate the Diaspora Jews in his territory, yet is thwarted by God. In 3 Maccabees, King Ptolemy IV Philopator attempts to enter the Second Temple in Jerusalem, but is rebuffed by divine power. He grows to hate Jews, and orders the ...